Neuro Flashcards by Grant Oakley

What does this describe?

malaria

sausage shaped gametocyte

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Apraclonidine on eye

alpha2 agonist->decreases aqueous production Cross BBB (somnolence)

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Ganglioglioma

in temporal lobe

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gram negative aerobes

Use of aminoglycosides

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What does this describe?

calcification of vessels in basal ganglia

AIDS sx in children

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What does this describe?

in pts with glaucoma

Contraindication of topiramate

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AIDS pts, multiple focal findings

Toxoplasmosis target

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Syphilis

VDRL/RPR test positive

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for recurrent headaches (5HT antagonist) cannot use with MAOI’s

Contraindication of pizotifen

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Naloxone, naltrexone

Opioid antagonists (detox)

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Mees lines, sensorimotor

Arsenic toxicity

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Salt and pepper of retina

Rubella sx in eye

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Meperidine exception

Only opioid that causes mydriasis

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What does this describe?

In cerebellum, young adults/children

Pilocytic astrocytoma

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Emergency glaucoma drug

Pilocarpine->ACh agonist

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What does this describe?

giant cell astrocytomas in cortex tumors elsewhere in body (heart, lung, kidney)

Tuberous sclerosis

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What does this describe?

in elderly assc with sickle-cell, asplenia

Pneumococcal meningitis

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What does this describe?

alpha2 antagonist, for ADHD, xerostomia

Clonidine,guanfacine

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H. influenza meningitis

in children secondary to ENT infection

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What does this describe?

increase ACE and Ca2+ levels granulomatous process

Neurosarcoidosis

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Tx for serotonin syndrome

benzodiazepine, cyproheptadine, propanolol

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What does this describe?

alpha antagonist-> inhibits pupillary dilation For closed angle glaucoma

Thymoxamine on eye

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What does this describe?

children/young adults CN VI-X findings

Brainstem glioma

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Oligodenroglioma

young adults frontal lobes well circumscribed and calcified

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Cysticerecosis

taenia solium

# What does this describe? Midrin, fioricet, phrenilin

Tx of tension headaches

# What does this describe? CMV retinitis in AIDS pts Can cause nephrotoxicity, used with probenecid 1000x more effective against viral DNA pol

Use of Cidafovir

# What does this describe? Blastomyces dermatititidis

Broad based budding yeast

# What does this describe? cromolyn sodium, lodoxamide tromethamide Allergic conjunctivitis

Mast cell stabilizers/function in eye

VDRL/RPR test positive

Syphilis

# What does this describe? prolonged QT

Side effect of methadone

# What does this describe? increase ciliary contraction

Physostigmine on eye

Koplick spots

measles

# What does this describe? N. menigitidis Petechial rash military/college campus

Meningococcal meningitis

Glioblastoma

rapid in older pts, secondary in young pts well circumscribed

# What does this describe? Dorzolamide, Brinzolamide, acetazolamide Decrease aqueous production

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors/function in eye

Carbachol on the eye

ACh + physostigmine-\>Increase trabecular outflow

Thallium toxicity

alopecia, sensory/autonomic signs

# What does this describe? Only opioid that causes mydriasis

Meperidine exception

nonfermenter (rod)

pseudomonas

# What does this describe? increase trabecular outflow

Epinephrine on eye

Valacyclovir

esterified acyclovir, longer lasting

# What does this describe? Cave diving/ bird and bat droppings

Histoplasma capsulatum association

# What does this describe? India ink stain Immunosuppressed pts

Cryptococcus

# What does this describe? chrysops fly

Loa loa vector

# What does this describe? rapid in older pts, secondary in young pts well circumscribed

Glioblastoma

# What does this describe? B12 deficiency (or intrinsic factor), post column demyelination

Subacute combined degeneration

# What does this describe? Chromosome 9&11, frataxin, onset 1st or 2nd decade

Friedriech's Ataxia

# What does this describe? hemangioma in cerebellum and retina

Von Hippel Lindau disease

# What does this describe? esterified acyclovir, longer lasting

Valacyclovir

Dextroamphetamine/lisdexamfetamine

Increase NE/D transmission, for ADHD

Viral conjunctivitis cause in AIDS pts

CMV

Toxoplasmosis target

AIDS pts, multiple focal findings

# What does this describe? gram positive cocci or gram negative bacilli Not good for pseudomonas

Use of macrolides

sausage shaped gametocyte

malaria

# What does this describe? toxoplasmosis

Ring enhancing lesions for bugs

Side effect of tamsulosin

floppy iris syndrome

# What does this describe? Axillary, long thoracic, suprascapular involved Sever pain with weakness

Parsonage Turner syndrome

Brimonidine on eye

alpha agonist-\> decrease production/increase uveoscleral outflow

Myasthenia gravis pathology

Abs against nicotinic ACh receptors

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

JC polyomavirus, infects oligodendrocytes demyelination

# What does this describe? generalized weakness, starts in childhood

Kugelberg-Welander disease

Methylphenidate

Decrease NE/D reuptake, for ADHD

# What does this describe? exaggerated startle response

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease

Medullablastoma

in cerebellum, very radiosensitive med in children, lat in adults

Parsonage Turner syndrome

Axillary, long thoracic, suprascapular involved Sever pain with weakness

Dx of gonorrhea

Thayer-martin agar, gram negative diplococci

Cryptococcus

India ink stain Immunosuppressed pts

Pilocarpine on eye

ACh agonist (muscarinic)-\> increase outflow Causes miosis and can cause myopia For closed angle glaucoma

# What does this describe? Parietal lobe

Cause of extinction

# What does this describe? bepotastine, emedastine, levorabastine, pheniramine Allergic conjunctivitis

H-1 Receptor antagonists/function in eye

Tx of tension headaches

Midrin, fioricet, phrenilin

# What does this describe? in cerebellum, very radiosensitive med in children, lat in adults

Medullablastoma

# What does this describe? young adults frontal lobes well circumscribed and calcified

Oligodenroglioma

# What does this describe? in children secondary to ENT infection

H. influenza meningitis

# What does this describe? butorphanol, buprenorpine, nalbuphine

Opioid partial agonists

Broad based budding yeast

Blastomyces dermatititidis

CMV dx

Owl's Eyes

Grows on chocolate agar

H. influenza

# What does this describe? CMV

Viral conjunctivitis cause in AIDS pts

# What does this describe? floppy iris syndrome

Side effect of tamsulosin

# What does this describe? bullet shaped

Rabies shape

# What does this describe? ACh antagonist-\> mydriasis and cycloplegia Contraindicated with closed angle glaucoma

Atropine on eye

Opioid partial agonists

butorphanol, buprenorpine, nalbuphine

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

from measles myelin degeneration

Measles dx

Koplick spots on buccal mucosa

# What does this describe? beta-1 antagonist-\> decrease aqueous production

Betaxolol on eye

# What does this describe? Increase NE/D transmission, for ADHD

Dextroamphetamine/lisdexamfetamine

# What does this describe? Black fly-African river blindness

Onchocera volvulus vector

# What does this describe? Abs against nicotinic ACh receptors

Myasthenia gravis pathology

# What does this describe? IV steroids No oral steroids-\> MS aggrevation

Tx for optic neuritis

# What does this describe? frontal/temporal lobes

Herpes encephalitis

# What does this describe? NMDA antagonist for Alzheimers (slows deterioration)

Memantine

# What does this describe? Cryptococcus

Major cause of meningitis in AIDS pts

Cause of extinction

Parietal lobe

AIDS sx in children

calcification of vessels in basal ganglia

Choroid plexus papilloma

under 10 y/o

Mast cell stabilizers/function in eye

cromolyn sodium, lodoxamide tromethamide Allergic conjunctivitis

Onchocera volvulus vector

Black fly-African river blindness

# What does this describe? from measles myelin degeneration

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

# What does this describe? No dilation=LMNL Dilation=UMNL

Results of Paradrine test

Pink eye

adenovirus

# What does this describe? decrease reuptake of NE/D, for bipolar disorders/stopping smoking

Bupropion

# What does this describe? adenovirus

Pink eye

# What does this describe? NO steroids

Tx for Guillain-Barre

# What does this describe? Dihydroergotamine, sumatriptan, intranasal lidocaine

Tx for symptomatic cluster headaches

# What does this describe? floppy baby syndrome

Wernig-Hoffman disease

# What does this describe? Pilocarpine-\>ACh agonist

Emergency glaucoma drug

# What does this describe? under 10 y/o

Choroid plexus papilloma

# What does this describe? ACh + physostigmine-\>Increase trabecular outflow

Carbachol on the eye

Pilocytic astrocytoma

In cerebellum, young adults/children

Ring enhancing lesions for bugs

toxoplasmosis

# What does this describe? lower and upper extremity weakness, onion bulbing of myelin

Dejerine-sottas (HMSN II)

# What does this describe? Kidney stones, metabolic acidosis Do not use with Sickel-Cell pts

Side effects of carbonic anydrase inhibitors

Cold selection (4 degrees C)

Listeria

Neurofibromatosis 1

Lisch nodules, gliomas of optic nerve

Tuberous sclerosis

giant cell astrocytomas in cortex tumors elsewhere in body (heart, lung, kidney)

# What does this describe? young/middle aged frontal/temporal hemispheres calcification present

Oligodendroglioma

# What does this describe? Mollaret meningits (aseptic), sarcoidosis (CGD), Behcet syndrome (immuno mediated)

Recurrent meningitis causes

Epinephrine on eye

increase trabecular outflow

Waterhouse-Friedrichsen syndrome

N. meningitidis

Betaxolol on eye

beta-1 antagonist-\> decrease aqueous production

# What does this describe? No sensory loss, proximal leg weakness

Amyotrophy

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease

exaggerated startle response

# What does this describe? compress ant cerebral artery

Subfalcine herniation

Acid fast staining

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Clonidine on eye

alpha agonist-\>decrease humor production Vasoconstricts ciliary body

Results of Paradrine test

No dilation=LMNL Dilation=UMNL

lamotrigine/carbamazepine

Na+ channel blockers for analgesia

Side effects of carbonic anydrase inhibitors

Kidney stones, metabolic acidosis Do not use with Sickel-Cell pts

Mercury toxicity

blindness, peripheral nerves

India ink stain

cryptococcus

Wernig-Hoffman disease

floppy baby syndrome

Tx for gliomas

VEGF inhibitor, irinotecan

# What does this describe? Verapamil, lithium, valproate, clonidine, triptans/ergots daily

Tx for prevention of cluster headaches

Thymoxamine on eye

alpha antagonist-\> inhibits pupillary dilation For closed angle glaucoma

Use of Cidafovir

CMV retinitis in AIDS pts Can cause nephrotoxicity, used with probenecid 1000x more effective against viral DNA pol

# What does this describe? NMDA signaling

Opioid tolerance mediation

Atomoxetine

Decrease NE reuptake, for ADHD, prolonged QT interval, priapism

Subacute combined degeneration

B12 deficiency (or intrinsic factor), post column demyelination

Clonidine,guanfacine

alpha2 antagonist, for ADHD, xerostomia

Meningioma

in adults

# What does this describe? measles

Koplick spots

Side effects of beta blockers

decrease HDL/increase LDL

# What does this describe? JC polyomavirus, infects oligodendrocytes demyelination

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Famciclovir use

recurrent genital herpes, acute herpes zoster

Brainstem glioma

0-20 y/o

Tx for optic neuritis

IV steroids No oral steroids-\> MS aggrevation

spherule

coccidiodes immitis

# What does this describe? Waterhouse friedrichsen syndrome

Association of N. meningitis

# What does this describe? HSV

temporal lobe encephalitis

# What does this describe? Scalp tenderness/Jaw claudication ESR and CRP labs

Giant Cell Arteritis Dx

# What does this describe? alpha2 agonist-\>decreases aqueous production Cross BBB (somnolence)

Apraclonidine on eye

# What does this describe? under 16 y/o

Medulloblastoma

# What does this describe? alopecia, sensory/autonomic signs

Thallium toxicity

Amyotrophy

No sensory loss, proximal leg weakness

Rabies shape

bullet shaped

# What does this describe? angle closure glaucoma

Contraindication of adamantanes

Herpes encephalitis

frontal/temporal lobes

Primary CNS lymphoma

Can cross corpus callosum In immunosuppressed

Tx for prevention of cluster headaches

Verapamil, lithium, valproate, clonidine, triptans/ergots daily

# What does this describe? decrease HDL/increase LDL

Side effects of beta blockers

Side effects of CAI's

metabolic acidosis, urolithiasis

Prostaglandin analogs/function in eye

Latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost Increase uveoscleral outflow

# What does this describe? blue haze/pupil sparing CN III palsy

Side effect of sildenafil

Histoplasma capsulatum association

Cave diving/ bird and bat droppings

Physostigmine on eye

increase ciliary contraction

# What does this describe? 0-20 y/o

Brainstem glioma

# What does this describe? alpha agonist-\>decrease humor production

Phenylephrine on eye

# What does this describe? taenia solium

Cysticerecosis

Recurrent meningitis causes

Mollaret meningits (aseptic), sarcoidosis (CGD), Behcet syndrome (immuno mediated)

Loa loa vector

chrysops fly

# What does this describe? changes in visual perception

Side effect of digitalis

Oligodendroglioma

young/middle aged frontal/temporal hemispheres calcification present

# What does this describe? Na+ channel blockers for analgesia

lamotrigine/carbamazepine

# What does this describe? Decrease NE/D reuptake, for ADHD

Methylphenidate

# What does this describe? Vortex keratopathy

Side effect of amiodarone

# What does this describe? alpha agonist-\> decrease production/increase uveoscleral outflow

Brimonidine on eye

# What does this describe? Lisch nodules, gliomas of optic nerve

Neurofibromatosis 1

Use of macrolides

gram positive cocci or gram negative bacilli Not good for pseudomonas

# What does this describe? H. influenza

Grows on chocolate agar

# What does this describe? coronary artery disease

Contraindication for triptans

Medulloblastoma

under 16 y/o

Timolol/cartelol on eye

Nonselective B antagonist-\> decrease aqueous production

# What does this describe? nucleus accumbens with DA

Opioid dependence medation

# What does this describe? pseudomonas

nonfermenter (rod)

Giant Cell Arteritis Dx

Scalp tenderness/Jaw claudication ESR and CRP labs

# What does this describe? ACh agonist (muscarinic)-\> increase outflow Causes miosis and can cause myopia For closed angle glaucoma

Pilocarpine on eye

Tx for pituitary tumor

bromocriptine

# What does this describe? metabolic acidosis, urolithiasis

Side effects of CAI's

# What does this describe? recurrent genital herpes, acute herpes zoster

Famciclovir use

Herpes dx

Tzank smear

Contraindication of pizotifen

for recurrent headaches (5HT antagonist) cannot use with MAOI's

# What does this describe? bilateral parotitis and orchitis

Mumps

# What does this describe? pentazocine

Mixed opioid agonst/antagonist

Bupropion

decrease reuptake of NE/D, for bipolar disorders/stopping smoking

Major cause of meningitis in AIDS pts

Cryptococcus

# What does this describe? ketamine, dexamethorphan

NMDA antagonist for analgesia

# What does this describe? bromocriptine

Tx for pituitary tumor

# What does this describe? HSV infection

Dendrites on cornea is sign of what?

# What does this describe? amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipromine, duloxetine, venlafoxine

Antidepressants for analgesia

# What does this describe? hyperostosis of skull More common in women (estrogen receptors)

Meningioma

# What does this describe? E. coli

K1 capsular antigen

Subfalcine herniation

compress ant cerebral artery

Neurosarcoidosis

increase ACE and Ca2+ levels granulomatous process

Side effect of echothiophate

night blindness/frontal headache (AChesterase inhibitor)

Opioid tolerance mediation

NMDA signaling

temporal lobe encephalitis

HSV

# What does this describe? Anosmia, ipsilateral optic atrophy, contralateral papilledema

Kennedy syndrome

Tx for Guillain-Barre

NO steroids

# What does this describe? swelling, Nissl substances disperse, nucleus is eccentric

Chromatolysis

# What does this describe? Owl's Eyes

CMV dx

Side effect of sildenafil

blue haze/pupil sparing CN III palsy

# What does this describe? AIDS or congenital (2-3 decade of life)

Causes of ocular toxoplasmosis

# What does this describe? Listeria

Cold selection (4 degrees C)

H-1 Receptor antagonists/function in eye

bepotastine, emedastine, levorabastine, pheniramine Allergic conjunctivitis

Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimers

Donepezil, rivastigmine, galatamine riv given with food

Causes of ocular toxoplasmosis

AIDS or congenital (2-3 decade of life)

Meningioma

hyperostosis of skull More common in women (estrogen receptors)

# What does this describe? cryptococcus

India ink stain

# What does this describe? Donepezil, rivastigmine, galatamine riv given with food

Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimers

Side effect of amiodarone

Vortex keratopathy

Opioid dependence medation

nucleus accumbens with DA

Mixed opioid agonst/antagonist

pentazocine

# What does this describe? in temporal lobe

Ganglioglioma

# What does this describe? alpha agonist-\>decrease humor production Vasoconstricts ciliary body

Clonidine on eye

Kennedy syndrome

Anosmia, ipsilateral optic atrophy, contralateral papilledema

Dejerine-sottas (HMSN II)

lower and upper extremity weakness, onion bulbing of myelin

Tx for symptomatic cluster headaches

Dihydroergotamine, sumatriptan, intranasal lidocaine

# What does this describe? benzodiazepine, cyproheptadine, propanolol

Tx for serotonin syndrome

Fibrillary astrocytoma

20-40's diffuse in cerebral hemispheres

# What does this describe? blindness, peripheral nerves

Mercury toxicity

Contraindication of topiramate

in pts with glaucoma

# What does this describe? coccidiodes immitis

spherule

Memantine

NMDA antagonist for Alzheimers (slows deterioration)

Side effect of digitalis

changes in visual perception

# What does this describe? Tzank smear

Herpes dx

Contraindication of adamantanes

angle closure glaucoma

# What does this describe? Nonselective B antagonist-\> decrease aqueous production

Timolol/cartelol on eye

Brainstem glioma

children/young adults CN VI-X findings

# What does this describe? N. meningitidis

Waterhouse-Friedrichsen syndrome

Association of N. meningitis

Waterhouse friedrichsen syndrome

# What does this describe? Koplick spots on buccal mucosa

Measles dx

# What does this describe? anti-CMV

Ganciclovir activity

Transtentorial herniation

CNIII and ipsilateral motor (contralateral CST)

Chromatolysis

swelling, Nissl substances disperse, nucleus is eccentric

# What does this describe? Can cross corpus callosum In immunosuppressed

Primary CNS lymphoma

Side effect of methadone

prolonged QT

Meningococcal meningitis

N. menigitidis Petechial rash military/college campus

Mumps

bilateral parotitis and orchitis

# What does this describe? night blindness/frontal headache (AChesterase inhibitor)

Side effect of echothiophate

K1 capsular antigen

E. coli

Friedriech's Ataxia

Chromosome 9&11, frataxin, onset 1st or 2nd decade

Opioid antagonists (detox)

Naloxone, naltrexone

# What does this describe? Latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost Increase uveoscleral outflow

Prostaglandin analogs/function in eye

Side effect of betaxolol

AV block/MI

Atropine on eye

ACh antagonist-\> mydriasis and cycloplegia Contraindicated with closed angle glaucoma

# What does this describe? sleeping sickness, tsetse fly vector

African typanosomiasis

# What does this describe? VEGF inhibitor, irinotecan

Tx for gliomas

Dendrites on cornea is sign of what?

HSV infection

African typanosomiasis

sleeping sickness, tsetse fly vector

Ganciclovir activity

anti-CMV

NMDA antagonist for analgesia

ketamine, dexamethorphan

Arsenic toxicity

Mees lines, sensorimotor

Pneumococcal meningitis

in elderly assc with sickle-cell, asplenia

# What does this describe? pts with Parkinsons or pheochromocytoma

Contraindication for metoclopramide

Von Hippel Lindau disease

hemangioma in cerebellum and retina

# What does this describe? Decrease NE reuptake, for ADHD, prolonged QT interval, priapism

Atomoxetine

Contraindication for triptans

coronary artery disease

Phenylephrine on eye

alpha agonist-\>decrease humor production

Rubella sx in eye

Salt and pepper of retina

Contraindication for metoclopramide

pts with Parkinsons or pheochromocytoma

# What does this describe? AV block/MI

Side effect of betaxolol

# What does this describe? Thayer-martin agar, gram negative diplococci

Dx of gonorrhea

# What does this describe? CNIII and ipsilateral motor (contralateral CST)

Transtentorial herniation

# What does this describe? Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Acid fast staining

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors/function in eye

Dorzolamide, Brinzolamide, acetazolamide Decrease aqueous production

Antidepressants for analgesia

amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipromine, duloxetine, venlafoxine

Use of aminoglycosides

gram negative aerobes

Kugelberg-Welander disease

generalized weakness, starts in childhood

# What does this describe? 20-40's diffuse in cerebral hemispheres

Fibrillary astrocytoma

# What does this describe? in adults

Meningioma

Neuro Flashcards

(282 cards)