Pt 3: Chapter 10 Notes

Question 1

What was the early partisan press like?

Answer 1

• subsidized by political parties

Question 2

The objective-journalism era was made up by what?

Answer 2

• helped by telegraph and rotary printing press
• yellow journalism
• radio, the new mass communication system
• the FCC and regulation

Question 3

What were included with the FCC and regulation?

Answer 3

• the Communications Act

- Fairness doctrine

Question 4

What was the agenda of newspapers?

Answer 4

No genuine interest in making citizens well informed, all for a political agenda and part of partisan natural. Papers set up only to counter other sides of political issues

Question 5

The early partisan press included who paying for the papers?

Answer 5

People who wanted to push their own agenda

Question 6

Objective-journalism era came about as a result of economics, companies selling stuff, because if the people believe what then what happens?

Answer 6

If the people believe that the publication is giving them good and accurate info representative of the world around them, advertisements call sell sell sell. Instead of making money pushing agendas, they made money from selling advertisements

Question 7

In the objective-journalism era, the more the papers were viewed as ? the more profitable they were

Answer 7

Independent

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of a newspaper? A news-broadcast?

Answer 8

To maximize the number of people consuming the paper or view the broadcast

Question 9

The rise of the “new” news came with the end of what?

Answer 9

The Fairness Doctrine

Question 10

Cable news

• Founded by Ted Turner in 1980
• Chose to pursue a path of partisan neutrality

Answer 10

CNN

Question 11

Cable news

-Chose a partisan (conservative format)

Answer 11

Fox News

Question 12

Cable news

- Liberal format

Answer 12

MSNBC

Question 13

Internet news/blogs have what format?

Answer 13

Liberal

Question 14

Without this, radio programmers were free to move to a politically partisan format

Answer 14

the Fairness Doctrine

Question 15

• Low-cost entry compared with other mass media
• some “new” news outlets a stunning success
• The Drudge Report, Daily Kos, etc

Answer 15

Emergence of the internet

Question 16

What are the 4 basic functions of journalism and politics?

Answer 16

1. the signaling function
2. the common-carrier function
3. the watchdog function
4. the partisan function

Question 17

Function:

• alert the public to important developments
• US media well-equipped to play this role

Answer 17

the signaling function

Question 18

The signaling function is performed by what kind of media?

Answer 18

the traditional media

• wire services
• daily newspapers
• TV networks

Question 19

Function:

• BREAKING NEWS
• Agenda setting of US media results in similarity in national news everywhere

Answer 19

The signaling function

Question 20

News media is meant to inform the public but it also needs to do what?

Answer 20

Attract and audience

- signal the American people the things they think they will care about

Question 21

Function:

• conduit for political communication
• creates a common message and American people are made aware of important messages when they come about

Answer 21

The common-carrier function

Question 22

TV news has become more centered on what?

Answer 22

Journalism centered

Question 23

The way that events are cast

Answer 23

framing

Question 24

Topics in TV news often distilled to the what?

Answer 24

sound bite

Question 25

The length of soundbites have gone from 40 sec in 1968 to how many in 2012?

Answer 25

Around 8 seconds

Question 26

Function: | - objective journalism is always watching

Answer 26

The watchdog function

Question 27

Internet has expanded the watchdog capacity of media to the point that?

Answer 27

More faith that things will be caught today than ever before. Confident that corrupt politicians will be exposed and caught

Question 28

Function: | - the political entities are both trying to employ the news mediums to their advantage

Answer 28

the partisan function

Question 29

The partisan function: each of these leans to what side? - traditional media? - talk shows? - the internet?

Answer 29

- traditional media: mostly neutral - talk shows: mostly conservative - the internet: mostly liberal

Question 30

News organizations emerge directly because of this, and become more ? as they age because of economic interests

Answer 30

News organizations emerge directly because of partisan interests, become more non-partisan and neutral as they age because of economic interests

Question 31

Until the 1980s Americans had ___ TV networks

Answer 31

3

Question 32

When America only had 3 TV networks, how big were the audiences and what were they exposed to?

Answer 32

- huge audiences - newscasts varied only slightly | - viewers exposed to the views of both political parties

Question 33

When the Fairness Doctrine ended and cable TV and internet emerged, what happened?

Answer 33

More information available in the world than ever, BUT people are less informed today than 30 to 40 years ago

Question 34

What is the best newspaper for objective journalism?

Answer 34

The New York Times

Question 35

Younger people are ___ informed than older people about political affairs

Answer 35

less

Question 36

Fragmented news sources have led to what among audiences?

Answer 36

partisan polarization