Test 2

Question 1

the invasion of the body by macroscopic parasites, those unable to be seen with the unaided eye.
ex; maggots

Answer 1

infestation

Question 2

ability of microorganism to produce disease. Attenuation implies a weakening or reduction in the virulence of a MO.

Answer 2

virulence

Question 3

diseases caused by infectious agents that can be transmitted between or are shared by animals and humans

ex; encephalitis or malaria

Answer 3

zoonotic

Question 4

a hospital acquired infection, one obtained while in the hospital

Answer 4

nosocomial

Question 5

literally, pus in the blood; a form of septicemia cause by cryogenic (pus forming) bacteria

Answer 5

pyemia

Question 6

an infection which causes a fever (elevated temp)

Answer 6

pyRemia

Question 7

a sudden, sever and overwhelming infection, such as spinal meningitis

Answer 7

fulminating

Question 8

infection throughout the body, having been spread by the bloodstream or lymphatic system

Answer 8

generalized

Question 9

a seemingly inactive infection; it is apparently held in check by the body’s defense but may spread when the body resistance is reduced.

ex: cold sores or syphilis

Answer 9

latent

Question 10

an infection in which the clinical symptoms are not recognized or immediately detectable.

ex; TB

Answer 10

inapparent

Question 11

an infection in which all the symptoms are easily recognized

ex: rubella

Answer 11

typical mumps

Question 12

an infection in which all the symptoms are not easily recognizable, meaning that it could be confused with another infection

Answer 12

atypical

Question 13

any MO that causes disease in man. A non-pathogen does not cause disease in man.

Answer 13

pathogens

Question 14

types of pathogens

Answer 14

normal flora
opportunists
strict (obligate) pathogens

Question 15

MO’s that live and grow in/on the human body. Most are non-pathogens.

Answer 15

normal flora

Question 16

MO’s that produce infection only under especially favorable conditions, that is, they await the right opportunity to cause infection. Pathogens contained in a person’s normal flora are usually opportunists since they alone cannot penetrate unbroken skin.

Answer 16

opportunists

Question 17

MO’s that will cause an infection in man every time that a person is exposed to them. They are never a part of one’s normal flora.

Answer 17

strict (obligate) pathogens

Question 18

presence of infectious material, without a reaction necessarily being produced. This term can also refer to inanimate objects.

ex: fomite

Answer 18

contamination

Question 19

an infection which occurs during the course of a chronic disease and causes death.

Answer 19

terminal

Question 20

the presence of toxins (poisonous substances) in the blood.

Answer 20

toxemia

Question 21

invasion of the bloodstream by pathogenic organisms with their subsequent multiplication therein. Common name is “blood poisoning”

ex: sepsis

Answer 21

septicemia

Question 22

an infection in which the causative agent comes from outside the body.

Answer 22

exogenous

Question 23

an infection which is caused by microorganisms which are normally present within the body.

Answer 23

endogenous

Question 24

an infection of sudden onset and short duration

Answer 24

acute

Question 25

an infection of slow onset and long duration

Answer 25

chronic

Question 26

an infection capable of being transmitted, either directly or indirectly, from host to host. Contagious means highly communicable

Answer 26

communicable

Question 27

an infection that is constantly present to a greater or lesser degree in a community. ex: cold flu

Answer 27

endemic

Question 28

and infection which attacks a large number of people in a community in a short period of time.

Answer 28

epidemic

Question 29

worldwide epidemic; an infection which becomes an epidemic in a number of countries at the same time. ex: flu in 1919 killed 20 million

Answer 29

pandemic

Question 30

an infection which occurs only occasionally (now and then) in a community

Answer 30

sporadic

Question 31

initial (first) infection of a mixed infection

Answer 31

primary

Question 32

an infection due to two or more organisms. ex: 2 or more infections occurring at the same time

Answer 32

mixed

Question 33

the second and generally more complicating infection in a mixed infection

Answer 33

secondary

Question 34

an infection in which the pathogenic organisms remain confined to a particular area. ex: abscessed tooth

Answer 34

local

Question 35

an infection confined to a particular area, but from which the bacteria spread to other parts of the body

Answer 35

focal

Question 36

infection throughout, spread generally over the body by the bloodstream or lymphatic system. ex: septicemia

Answer 36

general

Question 37

a condition in which bacteria are in the bloodstream, but are NOT multiplying there.

Answer 37

bacteremia

Question 38

GET DEFINITION

Answer 38

meningococcemia