A&P CHAPTER 16: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Question 1

DOES THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM WORK SLOWER OF FASTER THAN NERVOUS SYSTEM?

Answer 1

SLOWER

Question 2

WHAT DOES THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM SECRETE

Answer 2

HORMONES

Question 3

PARACRINE VS AUTOCRINE SECRETIONS

Answer 3

PARACRINE: AFFECT ONLY NEIGHBORING CELLS
AUTOCRINE: AFFECT THE SECRETING CELL ONLY

Question 4

HORMONES

Answer 4

CHEMICAL MESSENGERS THAT DIFFUSE FROM BLOODSTREAM TO ACT ON TARGET CELLS AND REGULATE THEIR METABOLIC FUNCTIONS

Question 5

STEROID HORMONES DERIVE FROM

Answer 5

CHOLESTEROL
EX. TESTOSTERONE, CORTISOL

Question 6

AMINES HORMONES DERIVE FROM

Answer 6

AMINO ACIDS
EX. EPI, NOREPI

Question 7

GLYCOPROTEIN HORMONES DERIVE FROM

Answer 7

CARBS AND PROTEINS
EX: TSH

Question 8

PEPTIDE HORMONES DERIVE FROM

Answer 8

AMINO ACIDS
EX: OXYTOCIN

Question 9

PROTEIN HORMONES DERIVE FROM

Answer 9

AMINO ACIDS
EX: GH, PTH

Question 10

FIRST MESSENGER

Answer 10

HORMONE THAT TRIGGERS ENTERING OF TARGET CELL BY HORMONE

Question 11

LEUKOTRIENES

Answer 11

RELEASE SIGNALS THAT REGULATE INFLAMMATION AND ALLERGIC REACTIONS

Question 12

SECOND MESSENGERS

Answer 12

BIOCHEMICALS IN CELL THAT CAUSE CHANGES IN RESPONSE TO THE HORMONES BINDING

Question 13

MAIN HORMONE THAT STIMULATES CELLULAR METABOLISM

Answer 13

THYROXINE

Question 14

WHAT MECHANISM CONTROLS HORMONE SECRETION

Answer 14

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK

Question 15

HUMORAL STIMULI

Answer 15

CHANGING BLOOD LEVELS OF CERTAIN IONS AND NUTRIENTS TRIGGERS ENDOCRINE GLAND ACTIONS

Question 16

NEURAL STIMULI

Answer 16

ENDOCRINE GLAND STARTS ACTION FROM NERVE FIBER STIMULATION

Question 17

HORMONAL STIMULI

Answer 17

HORMONE RELEASES DUE TO THE PRODUCTION OF OTHER HORMONES

Question 18

PERMISSIVENESS HORMONE INTERACTION

Answer 18

ONE HORMONE CANNOT EXERT ITS FULL EFFECTS WITHOUT THE PRESENCE OF ANOTHER HORMONE

Question 19

SYNERGISM HORMONE INTERACTION

Answer 19

ONE HORMONE PRODUCES THE SAME EFFECT AS ANOTHER HORMONE ON THE TARGET CELL, AMPLIFYING THEIR EFFECTS

Question 20

ANTAGONSIM HORMONE REACTION

Answer 20

ONE HORMONE OPPOSES ANOTHER HORMONE’S ACTIONS

Question 21

WHAT DOES THE PITUITARY GLAND DO

Answer 21

MANUFACTURES AND RELEASES A VARIETY OF HORMONES

Question 22

WHAT DOES THE HYPOTHALAMUS DO FOR THE PITUITARY GLAND

Answer 22

SENDS RELEASING AND INHIBITING HORMONES/STIMULUS TO THE PITUITARY AND REGULATE ITS HORMONE SECRETIONS

Question 23

WHICH ONE IS THE “MASTER ENDOCRINE GLAND”

Answer 23

ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND

Question 24

WHAT HORMONES REGULATE THE SECRETORY ACTIONS OF OTHER ENDOCRINE GLANDS

Answer 24

TROPINS

Question 25

GH HORMONE

Answer 25

GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING/INHIBITING INCREASES SIZE AND DIVISION RATE OF BODY CELLS GOES TO BONE/TISSUES

Question 26

PRL HORMONE

Answer 26

PROLACTIN RELEASING SUSTAINS MILK PRODUCTION AFTER BIRTH GOES TO MAMMARY GLANDS

Question 27

TSH HORMONE

Answer 27

THYROID RELEASING CONTROLS THYROID GLAND HORMONE SECRETION GOES TO THYROID

Question 28

ACTH HORMONE

Answer 28

CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING CONTROLS ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONE SECRETION GOES TO ADRENAL CORTEX

Question 29

FSH HORMONE

Answer 29

GONADOTROPIN RELEASING ESTROGEN/EGG FOLLICLES AND SPERM CELLS GOES TO OVARIES/TESTES

Question 30

LH HORMONE

Answer 30

GROWTH HORMONE PROMOTES SEX HORMONE SECRETION GOES TO OVARIES/TESTES

Question 31

ADH

Answer 31

ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE CONSERVATION OF WATER IN KIDNEYS INCREASES BP GOES TO KIDNEYS

Question 32

"HUNGER HORMONE" AND WHAT IT STIMULATES THE RELEASE OF

Answer 32

GHRELIN RELEASE OF GROWTH HORMONE

Question 33

THYROXINE

Question 34

WHAT DOES THE ADRENAL CORTEX SYNTHESIZE

Answer 34

CORTICOSTEROIDS

Question 35

MINERALOCORTICOIDS

Answer 35

REGULATION OF ELECTROLYTE CONCENTRATIONS IN EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDS (POTASSIUM AND SODIUM) FROM ADRENAL CORTEX

Question 36

ADLOSTERONE

Answer 36

HELPS REGULATE EXTRACELLULAR ELECTROLYTE CONCENTRATIONS FROM ADRENAL CORTEX

Question 37

CORTISOL

Answer 37

DECREASES PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, ICREASES FATTY ACID RELEASE, STIMULATES GLUCOSE SYNTHESIS FROM NONCARBS FROM HYPOTHALAMUS AND PITUITARY

Question 38

ADRENAL ANDROGENS

Answer 38

INNER ZONE OF ADRENAL CORTEX SUPPLEMENT SEX HORMONES

Question 39

GLUCOCORTICOIDS

Question 40

WHAT DOES THE ADRENAL MEDULLA SECRETE

Answer 40

EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE

Question 41

EFFECTS OF EPI AND NOREPI ON HEART

Answer 41

INCREASES RATE AND FORCE OF CONTRACTION

Question 42

EFFECTS OF EPI AND NOREPI ON BLOOD VESSELS

Answer 42

EPI: DILATES SKELETAL MUSCLE VESSELS NOREPI: CONSTRICTS BLOOD VESSELS IN SKIN/VISCERA

Question 43

EFFECTS OF EPI AND NOREPI ON BP

Answer 43

EPI: SLIGHTLY INCREASES NOREPI: INCREASES GREATLY

Question 44

EFFECTS OF EPI AND NOREPI ON AIRWAYS

Answer 44

EPI: DILATES NOREPI: DILATES SLIGHTLY

Question 45

EFFECTS OF EPI AND NOREPI ON BRAIN FORMATION

Answer 45

EPI: ACTIVATES NOREPI: LITTLE EFFECT

Question 46

EFFECTS OF EPI AND NOREPI ON LIVER

Answer 46

EPI: INCREASES BGL NOREPI: LITTLE EFFECT

Question 47

EFFECTS OF EPI AND NOREPI ON METABOLIC RATE

Answer 47

INCREASES

Question 48

WHAT DOES THE PINEAL GLAND SECRETE

Answer 48

MELATONIN

Question 49

THYMUS RELEASES WHAT HORMONES

Answer 49

"THY'S" THYMULIN, THYMOPOIETINS, THYMOSINS

Question 50

REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS RELEASE WHAT HORMONES

Answer 50

ESTROGENS AND TESTOSTERONE

Question 51

GI TRACT RELEASE WHAT HORMONES

Answer 51

GASTRIN AND GHRELIN

Question 52

HEART RELEASES WHAT HORMONES

Answer 52

ATRIAL PEPTIDE: REDUCES BP AND VOLUME, DECREASES SODIUM IN EXTRACELLULAR FLUID

Question 53

ISLETS OF LANGERHANS

Answer 53

IN PANCREAS ALPHA CELLS: SECRETE GLUCAGON BETAL CELLS: SECRETE INSULIN

Question 54

KIDNEYS RELEASE WHAT HORMONES

Answer 54

ERYTHROPOIETIN: CAUSES BONE MARROW TO INCREASE PROTEIN PRODUCTION

Question 55

ADIPOSE TISSUE RELEASE WHAT HORMONES

Answer 55

LEPTIN: INFORMS BODY HOW MUCH STORED FAT IS PRESENT RESISTIN: INSULIN ANTAGONIST ADIPONECTIN: ENAHNCES SENSITIVITY TO INSULIN

Question 56

SKELETON RELEASES WHAT HORMONE

Answer 56

OSTEOCALCIN: SECRETES MORE INSULIN AND REDUCES BODY FAT BY IMPROVING HANDLING OF GLUCOSE

Question 57

SKIN RELEASES WHAT HORMONE

Answer 57

CHOLECALCIFEROL: INACTIVE FORM OF VITAMIN D

Question 58

WHAT CONTROLS THE STRESS RESPONSE

Answer 58

HYPOTHALAMUS