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PARAMEDIC SCHOOL > BLOCK 3: VEHICLE EXTRICATION/SPECIAL RESCUE > Flashcards

BLOCK 3: VEHICLE EXTRICATION/SPECIAL RESCUE Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

3 levels of technical rescue

A
  1. awareness: scene size up and identifying hazards
  2. operation: apply LIMITED techniques
  3. technician: apply advanced techniques
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2
Q

8 steps of special rescue situations

A
  1. preparation
  2. response
  3. arrival/scene size up
  4. stabilization of scene
  5. access
  6. disentanglement
  7. removal
  8. transport
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3
Q

UCAN format for size up

A

Unit, Conditions, Actions, Needs

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4
Q

most common and dangerous hazard on rescue scenes

A

ongoing traffic

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5
Q

traffic incident management (TIM)

A

controlling flow of traffic to enhance safety and efficient rescue ops

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6
Q

what is the foundation of effective technical rescue incidents

A

incident command system

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7
Q

3 guidelines for rescue scene

A

approach scene cautiously
position apparatus properly
assist specialized team as needed

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8
Q

outer and inner circle surveys

A

outer: first, area surrounding scene
inner: heart of the TRI, 360 if possible

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9
Q

three control zones

A

hot zone: (red tape) entry/rescue teams, its size is proportional to its hazards
warm zone: (orange tape) trained/equipped personnel, decon
cold zone: (yellow) outer perimeter where vehicles/equipment is staged, command post

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10
Q

who publishes the Emergency Response Guidebook

A

US Dept of Transportation (DOT)

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11
Q

how far to park from electrical hazard

A

one full telephone pole span (50ft)

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12
Q

how far away must ground/aerial ladders be from electrical lines

A

at least 10ft

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13
Q

what two things increase risk of electrocution

A

increased air humidity and increased voltage in line

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14
Q

primary responsibility of paramedic at technical rescue incident

A

patient care

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15
Q

simple vs complex access

A

simple: hand tools
complex: special tools

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16
Q

unless there is an immediate threat, what should be performed before disentanglement

A

primary assessment and crucial interventions

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17
Q

disentanglement

A

freeing patients from area or object in which they are trapped

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18
Q

what device is used to stabilize a sitting patient

A

KED (Kendrick Extrication Device)

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19
Q

packaging

A

prepping patient for movement as a unit using backboard or similar device

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20
Q

carrying a standard basket stretcher involves a team of how many

A

6-8

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21
Q

who is in charge of coordinating movement of the stokes basket

A

person at the front of the left side

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22
Q

when is more than one carrying team needed

A

distance further than 15-20 minutes

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23
Q

leapfrogging

A

one team takes litter for a given distance while other team goes ahead to rest and plan for next stretch

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24
Q

what is the caterpillar/lap pass

A

when there’s an obstacle, all rescuers line up and sit down ahead of terrain/obstacle ALTERNATING
rescuers pass stretcher down between the two lines

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25
posts of a car
A post: form sides of windshield B post: between front and rear doors C post: behind the rear doors D posts: SUVs (also posts E, F, G, etc)
26
the hood covers ____
engine compartment
27
the bulkhead divides ___
engine compartment from passenger compartment
28
rocker panels are _____
metal below the doors between the front and rear wheel wells
29
most modern vehicles have what type of construction
unibody: body and frame of vehicle are fused together
30
what are crumple zones
on front and rear of car made to collapse on impact to absorb the force of a crash and prevent intrusion
31
what are alternative-power vehicles
vehicle that runs on anything other than gasoline or diesel fuel
32
types of electric vehicle power (3)
hydrogen fuel cells all-electric batteries hybrid (gas and electric)
33
high voltage wires in electric car are what color
orange
34
what type of fuel do power fleet vehicles use
liquefied petroleum gas (Autogas)
35
how does ethanol or methanol burn
bright blue "invisible" on clear day methanol burns without smoke
36
how far should key fobs be from smart key ignition systems
30ft
37
what volt battery do electric vehicles have
12V
38
examples of striking tools
hammers, mallets
39
examples of leverage/prying/spreading tools
pry bar, halligan
40
example of cutting tools
trauma shears, glass hand saw
41
example of lifting/pushing/pulling tools
hooks, pike poles
42
most basic support for vehicle stabilization
cribbing
43
5 directional movements of a stabilized vehicle
horizontal, vertical, roll, bounce, yaw
44
what type of glass are side and rear windows
tempered glass, shatters into small pieces and easily
45
what type of glass are windshields made of
laminated glass, cracks but remains intact glass sandwiched between layers of flexible plastic
46
what to place on outside of window before breaking if time permits
tape with "star of life" to minimize shattering
47
goal of disentanglement
remove sheet metal and plastic from around patient NOT cut patient out of vehicle
48
abbreviations on airbag systems
SRS (supplemental restraint system) HPS (head protection system)
49
how long can airbag computer retain power after vehicle power is cut
10-30 mins
50
distance to maintain around airbags that have not deployed side impact: driver side: passenger side:
side: 5 inches drivers side: 10 inches passenger side: 20 inches
51
how to move a dashboard crushing a patient
dash roll, lifts it up and forward cutting both A posts (4 cuts) and using hydraulic ram
52
hydrogen sulfide
colorless, toxic, flammable, pungent odor heavier than air
53
carbon monoxide
colorless, ordorless, tasteless
54
carbon dioxide
colorless, sour taste, stinging sensation
55
methane
will cause burns if ignited
56
ammonia
toxic, corrosive, pungent odor lighter than air
57
nitrogen dioxide
toxic red-brown gas, sharp biting odor
58
what is used for stabilization during excavations
shoring
59
what increases probability of secondary collapse
vibrations or additional weight, water
60
what is the spoil pile
soil removed from excavation into a pile
61
most trench collapses occur in what size trench
12ft deep and 6ft wide
62
what side to approach a trench from
narrow side
63
what is the water self-rescue position
faceup, arched position lower back higher than feet, feet together facing towards direction of travel, arms at sides, head down, chin tucked, toes above surface of water
64
how much faster does water cause heat loss than ambient air
25x
65
how fast will someone die of hypothermia in 35 degree water
15-20 mins
66
what is HELP
heat-escape-lessening position floatation device - draw knees close to chest, arms close to sides of body, head and neck out of water
67
what is the diving reflex
slowing of heart rate caused by submersion in cold water
68
what is the cold-protective response
hypothermia protects vital organs from lack of oxygen
69
how to remove patient from cold water
horizontal and minimize patient activity to avoid orthostatic changes or heart dysrhymthmias
70
most common swift-water rescue scenarios
people attempting to drive through floodwaters
71
what are the dangers associated with low-head dams
recirculating currents called the "boil" low-head dams also known as drowning machines
72
personal floatation devices are required for anyone working within how many feet of the water
10ft
73
model most commonly used in water rescue
reach-throw-row-go
74
what can be used to distribute weight of a rescuer on ice
ladder
75
low-angle rescue operations
less than 35 degrees ground is primary sup[ort, rope system is secondary
76
steep-angle rescue operations
35 to 60 degrees
77
high-angle rescue operations
more than 60 degrees depend on rope not fixed surface
78
search vs rescue
search: looking for lost person rescue: removing person from hostile environment
79
EMS role in search and rescue
stand by at search base until person is found
80
particular hazard on farms
tractor power take-off shaft which can become entangled
81
typical machine hazards
pinch points, wrap points, shear points, crush points, pull-in points
82
what was the Hartford Consensus
THREAT mnemonic Threat suppression Hemorrhage control Rapid Extrication to safety Assessment by medical providers Transport to definitive care
83
what is compartment syndrome
in chest, abdomen, or extremity when crushed over 4-6 hours buildup of lactic acid and metabolic wastes when patient is removed, BP tanks and toxic materials are released into the blood system pronounced peaked T waves on ECG
84
how to treat compartment syndrome
PPV, sodium bicarb, calcium, fluid
85
nonpharmacologic pain management vs pharmacologic pain management
nonpharmacologic: position of comfort, splinting, padding pharmocologic: meds
86
how much does water weigh per gallon
8.37lbs
87
two types of stokes baskets
rigid chicken wire mesh (better for water and air rescue) rigid fiberglass or plastic (better for all other rescues)
88
what variables affect hydraulics of moving water
depth, velocity, obstruction of flow

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