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PARAMEDIC SCHOOL > BLOCK 3: MASS-CASUALTY > Flashcards

BLOCK 3: MASS-CASUALTY Flashcards

1
Q

multiple-casualty incident

A

any situation with more than one patient that will NOT overwhelm available resources

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2
Q

mass casualty incident

A

number of patients and severity of injuries that can overwhelm available community resources, requiring mutual aid response

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3
Q

leading authority agency over mass-casualty response in US

A

FEMA (federal emergency management agency)

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4
Q

National Incident Management System (NIMS)

A

designed to improve efficiency in managing incidents regardless of size or complexity and improve coordination

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5
Q

when did NIMS become required for all first responders

A

after 9/11

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6
Q

who implemented the NIMS system

A

president of US directed Secretary of Homeland Security

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7
Q

three important features of NIMS

A

standardization, flexibility, interoperability

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8
Q

the 4 major NIMS components

A

fundamentals and concepts
resource management
command and coordination
communications and info management

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9
Q

where does EMS provider’s role fall within the NIMS components

A

command and coordination

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10
Q

general staff of the incident command system (ICS)

A

FLOP
finance
logistics
operations
planning

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11
Q

who has overall command responsibility for the ICS

A

incident commander (IC)

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12
Q

the command functions

A

PIO (public information officer)
safety officer
liaison officer

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13
Q

what type of command system does multiagency responses use

A

unified

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14
Q

single command system

A

one person in charge, used for small incidents involving only one agency or jurisdiction

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15
Q

small-scale vs large-scale incidents where is the incident commander

A

small-scale: on fringes of a scene
large-scale: short distance from the scene

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16
Q

each transfer of command should occur as a ____

A

face-to-face exchange

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17
Q

operations section role

A

tactical operations including triage, patient treatment/transport

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18
Q

finance section role

A

documenting all expenditures at an incident for reimbursement

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19
Q

4 units of the finance section

A

time unit: recording of personnel/equipment time
procurement unit: vendor contracts
compensation/claims unit: claims and injury compensation
cost unit: collecting and reporting costs

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20
Q

logistics section role

A

for equipment (comms, facilities, food/water, fuel, lighting, medical)

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21
Q

planning section role

A

solves problems as they arise during the MCI

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22
Q

4 units in planning section

A

resources, situation, demobilization, documentation

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23
Q

which section develops the incident action plan

A

planning section

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24
Q

safety officer role

A

monitors scenes for hazards

25
Q

public information officer role

A

provides public and media with information

26
Q

what is a joint information center

A

PIO’s from different agencies working together

27
Q

liaison officer role

A

relays info and concerns among everyone

28
Q

what has historically been the weak point at most major incidents

A

communications

29
Q

who do you check in with upon arrival at a large-scale incident

A

resource unit (subsection of planning section)

30
Q

two basic questions responder sizing up scene asks themselves

A

what do i have? what do i need?

31
Q

what is the rescue task force

A

EMS with ballistic vest and helmets
can enter building of active shooter under law enforcement’s guidance after an area is cleared

32
Q

EMS/medical branch’s roles

A

triage, treatment, transport

33
Q

triage unit leader role

A

in charge of counting and prioritizing patients

34
Q

treatment unit leader role

A

locate and set up treatment area with tiers for priority
ensure secondary triage is performed
adequate patient care
assisting moving patients to transport area
request supplies

35
Q

transportation unit leader role

A

coordinates transportation and distribution of patients to hospitals (call to establish how many patients they can accommodate)
documents transports and destinations

36
Q

staging area manager role

A

locates area away from scene to stage equipment, track arrivals, and send out vehicles as needed

37
Q

rehabilitation group leader role

A

establish area protecting responders from elements and situation to rest
monitor responders for signs of stress
defusing/debriefing team

38
Q

extrication/rescue task force leader role

A

determine type of equipment and resources needed for extrication

39
Q

morgue unit leader role

A

coordinate with med examiners, coroners to coordinate removal of bodies
may need to create morgue area

40
Q

open vs. closed incident

A

open: several casualties not yet located, search/rescue, may produce more patients
closed: contained incident, all patients in one location, not expected to produce more patients than already found

41
Q

primary vs. secondary triage

A

primary: rapid categorization of patients with tags
secondary: sorting within treatment group and to reassess for changes

42
Q

a complete triage assessment should take no more than ___

A

30 seconds

43
Q

4 triage categories

A

IDME
immediate (red)
delayed (yellow)
minimal (green)
expectant (black: likely to die or dead)

44
Q

red tag patients

A

immediate
ABCs, head trauma, signs of shock
any injured responder regardless of medical status

45
Q

yellow tag patients

A

delayed
multiple injuries to bones or joints including back injuries

46
Q

green tag patients

A

minimal
“walking wounded” contusions, abrasions, lacerations

47
Q

black tag patients

A

dead or likely to die
cardiac arrest or open head injury
may also include patients in respiratory arrest

48
Q

what tag is included in modified triage systems

A

a fifth triage category
orange-tag between red and yellow (patients with prior conditions that arise)

49
Q

4 steps in the START

A
  1. call out for “walking wounded” - greens
  2. check for breathing - if not breathing, open airway - if they don’t breathe: black, if they breathe: red and place in recovery position (if over 30RR, red. if under 30RR move on)
  3. check for hemodynamic status (if radial pulse is absent: red, if radial pulse present: move on)
  4. check for neurologic status (if they can’t follow commands: red, if they can: yellow)
50
Q

who is the jumpSTART system for

A

children under 8 years old or appear to be under 100lbs

51
Q

steps of jumpSTART triage

A
  1. identify walking wounded (children who can’t walk or follow commands taken to treatment)
  2. breathing: if not breathing, check pulse. if no pulse: black, if pulse: open airway, then give 5 rescue breaths and recheck, if nothing: black
  3. respirations - under 15RR or over 45RR: red, within 15-45, move on with assessment
  4. distal pulse - absent: red, present: move on with assessment
  5. neurological AVPU - unresponsive or incomprehensible: red, normal response: yellow
52
Q

SALT triage acronym

A

sort, assess, lifesaving interventions, treatment/transport

53
Q

SALT triage system

A
  1. identify walking wounded to assess last
  2. identify those who can’t walk but have purposeful movement/follow verbal commands - second to last
  3. obvious life-threatening injuries -first

rapid interventions: bleeding control, opening airway (2 rescue breaths for kids), needle decompression, auto-injectors
then assess airway, mental status, perfusion, respiratory status, assess if bleeding controlled

54
Q

SALT triage different tags

A

black: dead and should not be moved
gray: patients who are not expected to survive but may be revisited after all reds are taken care of

55
Q

what classification must occur for triage at hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction incident

A

contaminated and decontaminated patients before normal triage begins

56
Q

hospital surge capacity

A

hospital plan for MCIs to accommodate overload of patients using mobile units (tents)

57
Q

coping mechanisms for after MCIs

A

EAPs
mental health professions
peer counselors trained in CISM

58
Q

fundamental goal of MCIs

A

“doing the most good for the most patients”

59
Q

triage numbers responding to color tags

A

zero: black
one: red
two: yellow
three: green

PARAMEDIC SCHOOL (74 decks)

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