CHAPTER 12: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Question 1

CEREBRUM

Answer 1

LARGEST PART OF BRAIN
2 HEMISPHERES
CONTROLS HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIONS

Question 2

BASAL NUCLEI

Answer 2

MASSESS OF GRAY MATTER
RELAYS MOTOR IMPULSES FROM CEREBRAL CORTEX TO BRAIN STEM AND SPINAL CORD

Question 3

DIENCEPHALON

Answer 3

MASSES OF GRAY MATTER
THALAMUS: RELAYS SENSORY IMPULSES FROM NERVOUS SYSTEM TO CEREBRAL CORTEX
HYPOTHALAMUS: MAINTAINS HOMEOSTASIS, PRIMARY VISCERAL CONTROL CENTER, CONTROLS ANS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM, BODY TEMP
EPITHALAMUS: CONTAINS PINEAL GLAND THAT SECRETES MELATONIN

Question 4

3 PARTS OF BRAIN STEM AND WHAT IT DOES

Answer 4

MIDBRAIN
PONS
MEDULLA OBLONGATA
CONNECTS CEREBRUM TO SPINAL CORD

Question 5

MIDBRAIN

Answer 5

MASSES OF GRAY MATTER
JOINS SPINAL CORD TO HIGH BRAIN REGIONS
REFLEX CENTERS TO MOVE EYES, HEAD

Question 6

PONS

Answer 6

CONTAINS MASSES OF GRAY MATTER AND NERVE FIBERS
BULGE ON UNDERSITE OF BRAIN STEM
RELAYS IMPULSES BETWEEN MEDULLA OBLONGATA AND CEREBRUM
REGULATES BREATHING

Question 7

MEDULLA OBLONGATA

Answer 7

CONTAINS GRAY MATTER AND NERVE FIVERS
ENLARGED CONTINUATION OF SPINAL CORD
CONDUCTS IMPULSES BETWEEN BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
CONTAINS CONTROL CENTERS FOR CARDIAC/RESPIRATORY

Question 8

CEREBELLUM

Answer 8

LARGE TISSUE MASS UNDER CEREBRUM BEHIND BRAIN STEM
2 LATERAL HEMISPHERES
COMMUNICATES WITH REST OF CNS
SENSORY INFO, POSITIONING, MUSCLE ACTIVITIES

Question 9

WHAT SEPARATES THE LATERAL VENTRICLES IN THE BRAIN?

Answer 9

SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM

Question 10

WHAT CONNECTS THE TWO BRAIN HEMISPHERES?

Answer 10

CORPUS CALLOSUM

Question 11

FISSURE VS SULCUS

Answer 11

FISSURE: DEEP GROOVE
SULCUS: SHALLOW GROOVE

Question 12

CEREBRAL CORTEX

Answer 12

THIN LAYER OF GRAY MATTER AROUND THE CEREBRUM
“CENTER OF THE CONSCIOUS MIND”
AWARENESS, COMMS, SENSATION, MEMORY, INITIATION OF VOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS

Question 13

5 LOBES OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX AND THEIR LOCATIONS

Answer 13

FRONTAL (FRONT)
PARIETAL ( TOP)
TEMPORAL (SIDE)
OCCIPITAL (BACK)
INSULA (INSIDE)

Question 14

3 FUNCTIONAL AREAS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX

Answer 14

MOTOR, SENSORY, ASSOCIATION

Question 15

EACH HEMISPHERE CONTROLS THE MOTOR AND SENSORY FUNCTIONS OF THE ___ SIDE OF THE BODY

Answer 15

OPPOSITE

Question 16

ASSOCIATION FIBERS CONNECT WHAT?

Answer 16

VARIOUS PARTS OF THE SAME BRAIN HEMISPHERE

Question 17

COMMISSURAL FIBERS CONNECT WHAT?

Answer 17

HEMISPHERES SO THEY CAN FUNCTION TOGETHER

Question 18

WHAT DOES AN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM MEASURE?

Answer 18

ELECTRICAL BRAIN ACTIVITY

Question 19

4 TYPES OF BRAIN WAVES

Answer 19

ALPHA, BETA, THETA, DELTA

Question 20

TWO TYPES OF SLEEP

Answer 20

NON-RAPID EYE MOVEMENT (NREM)
RAPID EYE MOVEMENT (REM)

Question 21

WHICH STAGE OF SLEEP RESTORES THE MIND AND BODY

Answer 21

NREM

Question 22

WHAT REGULATES THE TIMING OF SLEEP CYCLES?

Answer 22

HYPOTHALAMUS

Question 23

ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA

Answer 23

NEW SENSORY INPUT IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH OLDER SENSORY INPUT
“LIVING IN THE PRESENT WITHOUT ABILITY TO CONNECT WITH PAST”

Question 24

RETROGRADE AMNESIA

Answer 24

LOSS OF MEMORIES FROM DISTANT PAST

Question 25

3 LAYERS OF MEMBRANES IN MENINGES

Answer 25

DURA MATER (OUTER) ARACHNOID MATER PIA MATER (INNER)

Question 26

BETWEEN WHICH MENINGE MEMBRANES IS CSF LOCATED?

Answer 26

BETWEEN ARACHNOID AND PIA MATERS

Question 27

WHERE IS MOST CEREBROSPINAL FLUID MADE?

Answer 27

LATERAL VENTRICLES

Question 28

WHAT IS DECUSSATION?

Answer 28

NEURONAL PATHWAYS CROSSING FROM ONE SIDE OF THE CNS TO THE OTHER

Question 29

SYMPTOMS OF BRAIN BLEED

Answer 29

UNCONTROLLED BP, RR, AND HR

Question 30

CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT

Answer 30

AKA STROKE MOST COMMON NERVOUS DISORDER

Question 31

ISCHEMIA

Answer 31

DEPRIVATION OF BLOOD TO A BODY TISSUE

Question 32

3 CAUSES OF STROKES

Answer 32

BLOOD COTS RUPTURE OF BLOOD VESSELS ANEURYSM

Question 33

HEMIPLEGIA

Answer 33

PARALYZED ON ONE SIDE OF THE BODY (FROM STROKE)

Question 34

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

Answer 34

PROGRESSIVE RESULTS IN MENTAL DETERIORATION CAUSED FROM SENILE PLAQUES THAT FORM BETWEEN NEURONS

Question 35

PARKINSON'S DISEASE

Answer 35

DEGENERATION OF DOPAMINE-RELEASING NEURONS TREMORS AND SLOWNESS

Question 36

HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE

Answer 36

FATAL, HEREDITARY DISORDER PROTEINS MUTATE AND ACCUMULATE CAUSING DEATH OF BRAIN TISSUE OVERSTIMULATION OF MOTOR DRIVE

Question 37

POLIOMYELITIS

Answer 37

INFLAMMATION OF GRAY MATTER IN SPINAL CORD FROM POLIOVIRUS SYMPTOMS: HEADACHE, FEVER, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, LOSS OF SOMATIC REFLEXES

Question 38

LOU GEHRIG'S DISEASE

Answer 38

DESTROYS MOTOR NEURONS SYMPTOMS: LOSS OF ABILITY TO SWALLOW, SPEAK, AND BREATHE COMBINATION OF GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Question 39

DAMAGE TO BROCAS CAUSES

Answer 39

DAMAGE CAUSES TROUBLE SPEAKING, WRITING, TYPING

Question 40

DAMAGE TO WERNICKES CAUSES

Answer 40

LACK OF UNDERSTANDING LANGUAGE OR SPEAKING NONSENSE

Question 41

LATERAL HORNS

Answer 41

MOTOR NEURONS

Question 42

DORSAL HORNS

Answer 42

CELL BODIES SYNAPSED BY EFFERENT NEURONS (SEND BACK TO BRAIN)

Question 43

FASCILI

Answer 43

SPINAL NEURONS THAT CONNEC

Question 44

WHAT IS THE MAJOR EXCITATORY NEUROTRANSMITTER INVOLVED IN MEMORIES

Answer 44

GLUTAMATE