Flashcards in Gero Pharm Deck (18):
1
Of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, which differs among individuals?
pharmacokinetics differs among individuals
pharmacodynamics remain constant for all people
2
What is pharmacokinetics?
how the body interacts with drugs
includes - ADME
absorption
distribution
metabolism
elimination
3
Of the 4 pharmacokinetic actions which are affected by the aging process and which are not?
absorption and distribution are NOT affected
metabolism may be reduced - liver impairment
elimination is significantly reduced due to decline in renal function
4
Motto for prescribing to the elderly?
"start low and go slow"
5
What are pharmacodynamics?
how the drug interacts with the body
this is the same for every human
6
pharmacogenetics vs. pharmacogenomics
p-genetics begins with unexpected drug response, looks for genetic cause
p-genomics begins with looking at the genome
7
What are the four categories of adverse reactions in the elderly?
Effects on:
o CNS
o anticholinergic
o movement / balance
o bone / supporting structures
8
Examples of CNS adverse reactions (5)
sedation
memory loss
dizziness
depression
confusion
9
Drugs likely to cause CNS adverse effects (6)
Benzos
BBs
steroids
cimetidine ---> "disaster drug" (Tagamet)
narcotics
diuretics
10
Examples of anticholinergic effects (4)
can't see
can't pee
can't spit
can't shit
11
Drug classes likely to cause anticholinergic effects (4)
cholinergic agonists (antagonist?)
decongestants
tricyclics
antipsychotics
12
Drugs likely to have adverse effects on balance and movement (6)
ASA
furosemide
BBs
vasodilators
aminoglycosides
phenytoin
13
Drugs likely to have adverse effects on bone and supporting structures (3)
heparin
steroids
lithium
14
OTC bad boys
cimetidine
inhibits CYP 450
many, many drug interactions
15
OTC bad boys
decongestants
decreases antihypertensives
anticholinergic
16
OTC bad boys
NSAIDs
decrease renal blood flow
reducing drug elimination
17
OTC bad boys
niacin
increase antihypertensives
18