Infant Health Issues

Question 1

Definition of “newborn”

Answer 1

1-2 months

Question 2

Definition of “infant”

Answer 2

up to 12 months

Question 3

Infant - 
physical focus (development pattern)

Answer 3

gross motor (cephalocaudal)
fine motor (proximal > distal)

Question 4

Infant -

cognitive focus

Answer 4

sensorimotor

Question 5

Infant -

psychosocial focus

Answer 5

developing trust

Question 6

Infant -

head circumference up to what age?

Answer 6

2 years

Question 7

Infant -

well child checks (WCC) frequency

Answer 7

birth, 2 weeks, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months

Question 8

Infant -

at what age should an infant have HEAD CONTROL?

Answer 8

4 months

Question 9

Infant -

at what age should an infant no longer have HEAD LAG?

Answer 9

6 months

Question 10

Infant -

periorbial edema in the infant is equivalent to what in the adult?

Answer 10

swollen ankles

Question 11

how are tonsils described?

Answer 11

1+ 2+ 3+ 4+

Question 12

asymmetrical tonsil could indicate what conditions?

Answer 12

Tonsillar ABCESS or LYMPHOMA

Question 13

Infant -

what can a shrill, high-pitched cry indicate?

Answer 13

increased intracranial pressure

Question 14

Infant -

pectus carinatum

Answer 14

pigeon chest

Question 15

Infant -

pectus excavatum

Answer 15

sunken chest

Question 16

Infant -

gynecomastia/galactorrhea - normal until what age?

Answer 16

3 months

due to maternal hormones

Question 17

Infant -

is the liver edge palpable in infants?

Answer 17

in some babies

1 - 2 cm below R costal margin

Question 18

Infant -

when should labial adhesions be referred?

Answer 18

when impeding flow of urine

Question 19

Infant -

phimosis

Answer 19

inability to retract foreskin

Question 20

Infant -

what do shotty nodes indicate?

Answer 20

past infection

Question 21

Infant -

normal variant regarding lymph nodes?

Answer 21

inguinal up to ~ 1 cm

cervical up to ~ 2 cm

Question 22

Lymph node location of particular concern

Answer 22

supraclavicular

Question 23

Infant -

do babies have PERRLA?

Answer 23

No

Accomodation comes later

Question 24

Infant -

“survival reflexes”

Answer 24

breathing
temperature control
feeding

Question 25

Infant - | stranger anxiety happens when?

Answer 25

around 6 months | and again 15-18 months

Question 26

Infant - | separation anxiety happens when?

Answer 26

around 8 months

Question 27

Infant - | when to introduce solid foods?

Answer 27

6 months

Question 28

Infant - | when to have first dental visit?

Answer 28

12 months

Question 29

Infant - | when to start flossing?

Answer 29

first time that two teeth touch

Question 30

most allergenic part of the egg?

Answer 30

egg white

Question 31

Infant - developmental warning signs | vision

Answer 31

any apparent visual delay

Question 32

Infant - developmental warning signs | if not raising head when lying on stomach by ____ months

Answer 32

3 months

Question 33

Infant - developmental warning signs | hearing

Answer 33

if not reacting to voice or sound

Question 34

Infant - | fever defined

Answer 34

>100.4 F (39 C) though very young infants may be subnormal with infection due to lack of thermoregulation skilz

Question 35

Infant - | fever >101.8 F in first two months of life suggest what?

Answer 35

serious bacterial infection

Question 36

Infant - | common organisms in first month

Answer 36

Group B strep (GBS) and gram neg enteric organisms

Question 37

Infant - | common organisms in second month

Answer 37

S. pneumoniae | H. influenzae

Question 38

Infant - | best indicator of health status

Answer 38

behavior

Question 39

Infant - | differential for behavior change with no apparent cause

Answer 39

consider UTI

Question 40

Infant - | acetaminophen dosage

Answer 40

10-15 mg/kg q 4 - 6 hours

Question 41

Infant - at what age can ibuprofen be used? dose?

Answer 41

6 months 10 mg/kg every 6 hours

Question 42

Infant - | necessary guidance for parents of sick child?

Answer 42

when to call back/ | red flags