STD Flashcards
Does syphilis cross the placenta?
yes
Syphilis screening test
VDRL
RPR
Syphilis confirmation test
TREPONEMAL testing
fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS)
microhemagglutination assay for antibody to treponema pallidum (MHA-TP)
pH change in BV
increased pH
Acyclovir can be used starting at what age?
6 months
Can HIV be transmitted through breast milk?
yes
HIV screening test
in infants
in older children and adult
infants - HIV polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
older children and adult - ELISA (VERY sensitive)
HIV confirmatory test
western blot
Two lab tests used to determine progression of HIV/AIDS
o absolute CD4 lymphocyte - “T” - normal >800 (want high)
o viral load - want zero or undetectable (want as low as possible)
What is the leading killer of AIDS patients?
PJP - pnuemocystis jirovecci pneumonia
what do HIV people take daily for prevention? Bactrim
After exposure, how long to seroconvert to HIV+?
3 weeks to 6 months
HIV prodrome
flu-like symptoms
Early symptoms of HIV
fever, night sweats, and weight loss
What differentiates AIDS from HIV?
CD4 < 200 cells/uL
and/or
opportunistic infection
What is a common co-morbidity with chancroid?
HIV
should test those presenting with chancroid
What does chancroid look like?
painful ulcer surrounded by erythmatous halo
What other clinical feature also accompanies chancroid?
bubo - swelling of lymph nodes
Treatment for chancroid?
azythromycin 1 gram PO – same as chlamydia
ceftriaxone 250 mg IV – same as gonorrhea
ciprofloxicin 500 mg PO
Most common STD in US?
chlamydia
Which two STDs cause dysuria?
gonorrhea
chlamydia
R/o UTI
Symptoms of chlamydia
asymptomatic often
dysuria
dysparunia (female)
thick, cloudy penile discharge
Major causes of dysparunia (4)
PID
menopause
trich
chlamydia
Treatment for chlamydia
azithromycin 1 gram PO
2nd - doxycycline x 7 days
Testing for chlamydia
EIA - enzyme immunoassay: low cost, fast (30 - 120 min)
culture - 3 to 9 days
