GI Surgery Flashcards
(225 cards)
what parts of the body are included in GI surgery?
anything from the oral cavity to the large intestine
what is a -otomy?
procedure for cutting open or dividing tissue during surgery, after which the tissue is repaired to allow it to heal normally
what is a gastrotomy?
temporary opening into the stomach
what is an -ostomy?
creation of an opening or stoma which communicates with the outside through the skin
what is used to keep an -ostomy open?
a device that is then removed to allow the skin to heal
permanent stoma are sutured to the skin and allowed to heal open
what is a gastrostomy?
opening in the stomach to allow feeding via a tube to bypass oesophagus
what is an -oscopy?
use of device or instrument to give visual access inside a cavity
what is endoscopy?
use of a camera to view the interior of an organ
what is an -ectomy?
surgical removal of all or part of a structure - the remaining part must be sutured back together
what is an anastomosis?
point of rejoining between two structures that have been surgically seperated
what is an enterectomy?
removal of a length of small intestine
what are the main roles of a VN in GI surgery?
pre-operative care of the animal surgical preparation of the animal preparation of surgical equipment assistance during surgery anaesthetic management post-op care of the animal post-op advice to owners
what type of surgeries are most GI surgeries?
urgent or emergancy
what is the effect of many GI diseases on the whole patient?
vomiting, diarrhoea and anorexia often lead to fluid deficits and electrolyte disturbances
what must happen before a GI patient is anaesthetised?
any fluid or electrolyte deficits identified and stabilised (IVFT)
what may be needed to be placed in the GI patient to facilitate eating post op?
feeding tubes
what are the main areas of prep specific to GI patients?
pre-op starvation
enema
antibiotics
other
how long should animals ideally be starved before GI surgery?
ideally 12 hours but may not happen if an emergancy
is an enema usually required before GI surgery?
no - can make faecal material more liquid and so harder to deal with - check with surgeon
when may antibiotics be needed for GI surgery?
rarely used pre-op
can be used intra and post-op if contamination occurs during surgery
what other preparation may be needed in the surgical GI patient?
specific management of the condition e.g. stomach tube for GDV
how should the patient be surgically prepped for oral surgery?
flush mouth with saline to remove debris
prep any areas of skin (e.g. lip) that may be in surgical field as normal
what area should be clipped for a ventral midline laparotomy?
above xiphoid to below pubis and out to skin edges
how should a patient be surgically prepped for a ventral midline laparotomy?
clip and prep a large area to allow large incision and examination of entire abdominal contents