Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Apex Review > Musculoskeletal diseases 4 > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal diseases 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs that are MOST likely to induce systemic lupus erythematosus include: (select 2)
a. cyclophosphamide
b. hydralazine
c. isoniazid
d. hydrocortisone

A

b. hydralazine
c. isoniazid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The most common causes of drug-induced SLE are

A

hydralazine & isoniazid
over 80 drugs have been identified as causes of drug-induced systemic lupus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an

A

autoimmune disease that affects nearly every organ system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Most of the consequences of SLE are due to

A

anti-body induced vasculitis and tissue destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The most common problems of SLE are

A

polyarthritis & dermatitis (only 33-50% of these patients develop the classic butterfly rash)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The following 4 things can exacerbate SLE symptoms

A

stress
pregnancy
infection
surgery
drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Medical treatments for SLE include

A

corticosteroids, NSAIDs, immunosuppressants, and antimalarials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cricoarytenoid arthritis can present as

A

hoarseness, stridor, and airway obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Patients with SLE may develop ______________ leading to a risk of _______ & ___________

A

antiphospholipid antibodies; hypercoagulability and thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Antimalarials that are used to treat SLE include

A

hyroxychloroquine & quinacrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Immunosuppressants that may be used to treat SLE include

A

cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, and mycophenolate mofetil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

______________ (a drug used to treat SLE) inhibits plasma cholinesterase and increases the duration of succinylcholine

A

Cyclophosphamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the mneumonic “pissed chimp” for?

A

drugs that can cause drug induced lupus and other reasons for lupus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe Pissed CHIMP

A

P= pregnancy
I= infection
S= surgery
S= stress
E= enalapril
d= d-penicillamine
C= captopril
H= hydralazine
I= isoniazid
M= methyldopa
P= Procainamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Airway concerns with SLE include

A

cricoartyenoiditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nervous system concerns with SLE include

A

stroke
peripheral neuropathy
psychosis/dementia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Renal concerns with SLE include

A

nephritis with proteinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hematologic concerns with SLE include

A

antiphospholipid antibodies
hypercoagulability
anemia
thrombocytopenia
leukopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cardiac concerns with SLE include

A

Pericarditis (tamponade is uncommon)
Raynaud’s
HTN
Conduction defects
endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pulmonary concerns with SLE include

A

restrictive ventilatory defect
pulmonary HTN
interstitial lung disease
recurrent pulmonary emboli
pleural effusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Marfan syndrome is a

A

connective tissue disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Marfan syndrome is associated with

A

aortic insufficiency, aortic dissection, pectus excavatum, kyphoscoliosis, and hyperflexible joints (careful with positioning)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is an

A

inherited disorder of procollagen and collagen

24
Q

Common problems associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome includes

A

arterial aneurysm and increased bleeding tendency (avoid regional anesthesia & IM injections)

25
Q

What should be avoided with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome?

A

IM injections and regional anesthesia

26
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a

A

connective tissue disorder (brittle bones)

27
Q

Risks with osteogenesis imperfecta include

A

fractures that can occur during patient positioning and NIBP cuff inflation

28
Q

For patients with marfan syndrome there is a risk for

A

spontaneous pneumothorax

29
Q

For patients with Marfan syndrome, _________ increases the risk of cardiovascular complications

A

pregnancy

30
Q

When we think of Marfan syndrome we should think of

A

aortic insufficiency and AAA

31
Q

When we think of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome we should think of

A

spontaneous bleeding into joints and AAA

32
Q

When we think of osteogenesis imperfecta we should think of

A

weak bones

33
Q

Is the risk of MH increased with osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

No

34
Q

A unique finding in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta is

A

blue sclera- the sclera is actually susceptible to fracture

35
Q

Airway management with patients with osteogenesis imperfecta can result in

A

c-spine fracture and reduced cervical ROM

36
Q

_________ is increased in >50% of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta

A

Serum thyroxine (increased BMR and VO2–> hyperthermia)

37
Q

Multiple sclerosis is a

A

demyelinating disease of the CNS

38
Q

Classic teaching with multiple sclerosis suggest that while _________ anesthesia is safe, __________ anesthesia may exacerbate symptoms.

A

epidural; spinal

39
Q

Select considerations for patients with MS include

A

bulbar muscle dysfunction (aspiration risk), chronic steroid therapy, and sensitivity to increased body temperature (risk of demyelination)

40
Q

Myotonic dystrophy is characterized by a

A

prolonged contracture after a voluntary contraction

41
Q

Factors that increase the risk of sustained muscular contractions for patients with myotonic dystrophy

A

succinylcholine (risk of sustained contractors- not MH), anticholinesterases, and hypothermia

42
Q

Scleroderma causes

A

excessive fibrosis in the skin and organs, particularly in the microvasculature

43
Q

Scleroderma is characterized by _____________ syndrome.

A

CREST syndrome

44
Q

CREST includes

A

calcinosis
Raynaud’s phenomenon
esophageal hypomotility
sclerodactyly
telangiectasia

45
Q

Paget’s disease is associated with

A

excess osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity that causes abnormally thick, but weak, bone deposits

46
Q

This is a concern with Paget’s disease

A

risk of fractures during positioning

47
Q

This is a concern with Paget’s disease

A

risk of fractures during positioning

47
Q

This is a concern with Paget’s disease

A

risk of fractures during positioning

48
Q

Myotonic dystrophy is the result of

A

dysfunctional calcium sequestration by the sarcoplasmic reticulum

49
Q

Patients with myotonic dystrophy are also at risk for

A

aspiration
respiratory muscle weakness
cardiomyopathy and dysrhythmias
sensitivity to anesthetic agents

50
Q

MS patients may experience __ and _______ deficiencies as well as _______ instability.

A

sensory and motor deficiencies as well as autonomic instability

51
Q

With MS, ________________ can cause life-threatening hyperkalemia.

A

succinylcholine

52
Q

Airway issues with scleroderma include that

A

skin fibrosis can limit mouth opening and mandibular mobility

53
Q

Eye issues with scleroderma include that

A

dryness predisposes to corneal abrasion

54
Q

Lung issues with scleroderma include

A

pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension

55
Q

Heart issues with scleroderma include

A

dysrhythmias and CHF

Apex Review (224 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions