Missed apex regional

Question 1

Injury to the facet joint can compress the spinal nerve that exits the respective intervertebral foramina, causing

Answer 1

pain and muscle spasm along the associated dermatome

Question 2

What is the lateral border of the epidural space?

Answer 2

vertebral pedicles

Question 3

What is the cranial border of the epidural space?

Answer 3

foramen magnum

Question 4

What is the caudal border of the epidural space?

Answer 4

sacrococcygeal ligament

Question 5

Inadvertent injection of local anesthetic into the subdural space yields the following outcomes:

Answer 5

epidural dose: high spinal with delayed onset (15-20 minutes)
spinal dose: failed spinal