Neonatal emergencies 3 Flashcards
The incidence of ROP is inversely proportional to
post-conceptual age and birth weight
ROP occurs in up to 70% of
premies who weigh less than 1,000 g at birth
Other risk factors for ROP include
mechanical ventilation
blood transfusion
sepsis
vitamin E deficiency
intraventricular hemorrhage
Surgical options for late-stage disease of ROP include
cryotherapy
laser therapy
scleral buckle
vitrectomy
Based on experimental animal data, which anesthetic agent is LEAST likely to cause apoptosis?
a. ketamine
b. nitrous oxide
c. dexmedetomidine
d. midazolam
c. dexmedetomidine
It is believed that commonly used anesthetic agents can lead to
apoptosis or killing of neurons which can cause neurocognitive delays later in life
Anesthetics associated with apoptosis include
halogenated agents
nitrous oxide
propofol
etomidate
ketamine
benzodiazepines
barbiturates
___________ is a byproduct of RBC breakdown
bilirubin
Any condition that increases serum bilirubin can cause
kernicterus (fetal encephalopathy)
Drugs that are not known to cause apoptosis in neonates include
xenon
opioids
dexmedetomidine
Risk factors for kernicterus include
prematurity
low plasma protein concentration
acidosis
Treatment of hyperbilirubinemia includes
phototherapy & exchange transfusion
