3.3.1 Electrolytes and Blood gases (Regulatory factos, Functions, and Instrumentation) Flashcards
Stimulates WATER ABSORPTION, primarily in the collecting duct of the renal tubules
a. Antidiuretic hormone
b. Arginine Vasopressin peptide
c. Atrial Natriuretic peptide
d. RAAS
a and b
Released from the myocardial atria in
response to volume expansion, and promotes _________________
a. Antidiuretic hormone, Sodium secretion
b. Arginine Vasopressin peptide Sodium excretion
c. Atrial Natriuretic peptide, Sodium excretion
d. RAAS, Sodium secretion
c
In RAAS:
Angiotensinogen —(_____)–> Angiotensin I —(_____)—>
Angiotensin II
a. Renin, ACE
b. ACE Renin
a
Immediate effects of Angiotensin II:
The immediate effect of Angiotensin __ is _________ of ________ arterioles and __________ of __________ arterioles
II
Vasodilation, afferent
vasoconstriction, efferent
Immediate effects of Angiotensin II:
Promotes immediate _______ reabsorption at the level of the _______ convoluted tubules
a. Potassium, Distal
b. Sodium, Distal
c. Potassium, Proximal
d. Sodium, Proximal
d
If the sodium reabsorption in the PCT is not enough, more sodium needs to be reabsorbed in order to bring back the sodium level to normal
T or F
T
In order for more sodium to be reabsorbed and to allow further reabsorption at the level of the DCT, sodium reabsorption is not automatic and _________ is needed
Aldosterone
Immediate effects of Angiotensin II:
Stimulates Aldosterone excretion
T or F
F
Secretion
When aldosterone is secreted, increase sodium reabsorption at the level of the PCT
T or F
F
DCT
Since aldosterone increase sodium reabsorption, to compensate this, _______ is excreted
Potassium
Counter hormone for aldosterone since it excretes Sodium due to volume expansion
Atria Natriuretic peptide
A system that regulates a lot of actions and processes related to water and electrolyte balance, primarily, electrolyte balance and blood pressure.
a. Antidiuretic hormone
b. Arginine Vasopressin peptide
c. Atrial Natriuretic peptide
d. RAAS
d
When Blood pressure of plasma SODIUM is decrease, this stimulates what organ to secrete Renin?
Kidney
This renin converts ____________ to _____________
Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin I
Angiotensin I is an inactive form therefore, it must be be activated by __________ that is produced by the ________
Angiotensin-converting enzyme, lungs
ACE converts Angiotensin I to ?
Angiotensin II
Angiotensin increases Blood pressure and Plasma sodium content
T or F
T
Function:
Volume and osmotic regulation
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Chloride
d. Magnesium
e. Calcium
f. Zinc
g. Phosphate
h. Bicarbonate
abc
Function:
Myocardial rhythm and contractility and neuromuscular excitability
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Chloride
d. Magnesium
e. Calcium
f. Zinc
g. Phosphate
h. Bicarbonate
b,d,e