Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MTAP 1 Clinical Chemistry > 2.1.1 Carbohydrates > Flashcards

2.1.1 Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following has a characteristics of trioses

a. D-glyceraldehyde
b. D-Eythrose
c. L-Ribose
d. D-Glucose
e. D-Galactose
f. D-Fructose

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which of the following has a characteristics of tetroses

a. D-glyceraldehyde
b. D-Eythrose
c. L-Ribose
d. D-Glucose
e. D-Galactose
f. D-Fructose

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following has a characteristics of Pentoses

a. D-glyceraldehyde
b. D-Eythrose
c. L-Ribose
d. D-Glucose
e. D-Galactose
f. D-Fructose

A

c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which of the following has a characteristics of Hexoses

a. D-glyceraldehyde
b. D-Eythrose
c. L-Ribose
d. D-Glucose
e. D-Galactose
f. D-Fructose

A

def

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following has a characteristics of ketoses

a. D-glyceraldehyde
b. D-Eythrose
c. L-Ribose
d. D-Glucose
e. D-Galactose
f. D-Fructose

A

f

Since there is double bound O in second to the last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the following has a characteristics of aldose

a. D-glyceraldehyde
b. D-Eythrose
c. L-Ribose
d. D-Glucose
e. D-Galactose
f. D-Fructose

A

All except F

Double bound O is at the End

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

D isomer is more predominant than L isomers

T or F

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The following are caracteristics of CHO

  • Form glycosidic bonds with other carbohydrates and with noncarbohydrates
  • Modify proteins and their function by glycosylation
  • Some are reducing substances

Which of the following does not belong?

A

NONE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Reducing substances are known as ____________ group

A

Hemiacetal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sugar that does not have a hemiacetal group?

a. Sucrose
b. Lactose
c. Glucose
d. Fructose

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Glucose and Carbohydrate metabolism (In general) are regulated by?

a. Vitamins
b. Hormones
c. DIetary supplement
d. Enzymes

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 1:

Glucose is taken up by the body and into the cell which is known as ________ uptake

A

Cellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 2:

Upon cellular uptake, Glucose under go _____________ that turns glucose into Glucose-__-_____ which is a FORM of glucose INSIDE of a CELL

A

Phosphorylation

Glucose-6-PO4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 3:

The main purpose of glucose in cell is to create ATP

T or F

A

t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 4:

The process of turning G-6-PO4 into Pyruvate with the production of energy is called?

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Glycogenesis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Glycolysis

A

d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 5:

If glucose is present in excess and demand is already been met, the G6P turns into glycogen in the process called?

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Glycogenesis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Glycolysis

A

b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Storage form of glucose

A

Glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 6:

If their is lack of glucose in the body, glycogen is used to meet the demend, it will convert it into G6P in the process called?

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Glycogenesis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Glycolysis

A

c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 7:

If their is lack of glucose AND glycogen that does not meet the demand of the body, it will get it from non-carbohydrate source such as:

Pyruvate
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Enzymes

Which does not belong?

A

Enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 8:

If their is lack of glucose AND glycogen that does not meet the demand of the body, it will get it from non-carbohydrate source such as:

Pyruvate
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Enzymes

Which does not belong?

A

Enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 9:

If their is lack of glucose AND glycogen does not meet the demand, it will use a noncarbohydrate source to turn it into G6P in the process called?

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Glycogenesis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Glycolysis

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 10:

Pyruvate turns in Acetyl CoA and can be used in?

  • Synthesis of Amino acids
  • Synthesis of fatty acids
  • Used in Kreb cycle

Which of the following does not belong?

A

Synthesis of amino acids

NOTE:
Kreb cycle = (TCA cycle)

23
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 11:

Since Acetyl CoA is used for the synthesis of Fatty acids, these fatty acids can be stored in the form of

a. Triglyceride
b. Triacylglycerol
c. Glycogen
d. Glucose

A

b

24
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 12:

The process of Storing lipids in the body in the form of triacylglycerol?

A

Lipogenesis

25
Q

Hormonal Regulation Part 13:

The process of using triacylglycerol to form Fatty acids is called?

A

Lipolysis

26
Q

Which among the following process are promoted by insulin

a. Glycolysis
b. Glycogenesis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Lipogenesis
e. Lipolysis
f. Gluconeogenesis
g. Cellular uptake

A

a,b,d,g

27
Q

Major hyperglycemic hormone

A

Glucagon

28
Q

Which among the following process are promoted by Glucagon

a. Glycolysis
b. Glycogenesis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Lipogenesis
e. Lipolysis
f. Gluconeogenesis
g. Cellular uptake

A

c and f

29
Q

Lipolysis is primarily promoted by?

A

Cortisol and Epinephrine

30
Q

Cortisol and Epinephrine are known as hypoglycemic hormone

T or F

A

F

Hyperglycemic

31
Q

What are the glands that produces insulin?

A

Pancreas (Beta cells)

32
Q

What are the glands that produces Glucagon?

A

Pancrease (alpha cells)

33
Q

What are the glands that produces Somatostatin?

A

Pancrease (Delta cells)

AND

Hypothalamus

34
Q

What are the glands that produces Cortisol?

A

Adrenal cortex

35
Q

What are the glands that produces Ephinephrine?

A

Adrenal medulla

36
Q

What are the glands that produces ACTH?

A

Anterior pituitary

37
Q

What are the glands that produce GH?

A

Anterior pituitary gland

38
Q

What are the glands that produce Thyroxine?

A

Thyroid

39
Q

What are the glands that produce hPL?

A

Placenta

40
Q

The only hypoglycemic hormone

A

Insulin

41
Q

MOA of Insulin?

  • Lowers the glucose through cellular uptake
  • Increases glucose by storing it in a form of glycogen or in lipids in a form of Triacylglycerol
  • Glycogenesis, glycolysis, lipogenesis

Which of the following does not belong?

A

Increase glucose, should be decrease glucose

42
Q

Glucagon increases plasma glucose

T or F

A

T

43
Q

MOA of glucagon

  • Increase glucose through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

T or F

A

T

44
Q

SOmatostatin, cortisol, Ephiephrine, ACTH, GH, thyroxine, hPL increases Plasma glucose

T or F

A

T

45
Q

MOA of Somatostatin:

  • Inhibits Insulin and ________
  • ______________ regulation
A

Glucagon

Pancreatic

46
Q

Somatostatin is known as _______ hormone since it
- secretes in secretory cells
- Located adjacently

A

Paracrine

47
Q

A hormone that can enter the bloodstream and can target faraway organs is called?

A

Endocrine hormone

48
Q

Cortisol promotes

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Lipolysis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Cellular uptake

A

a,b

49
Q

Epinephrine promotes

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Lipolysis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Cellular uptake

A

c,b

50
Q

ACTH promotes

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Lipolysis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Cellular uptake

A

a,c

51
Q

Growth hormone promotes

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Lipolysis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Cellular uptake

A

NONE

it INHIBITS, Cellular uptake and Glycolysis

52
Q

Thyroxine promotes

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Lipolysis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Cellular uptake

A

a, c W/ Intestinal abs. of glucose

53
Q

hPL inhibits INSULIN action similarly to ACTH

T or F

A

F

not ACTH, its GH

MTAP 1 Clinical Chemistry (97 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions