3.6.1 Acid-Base Homeostasis

Question 1

Substance that can yield hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water

a. Acid
b. Base

Answer 1

a

Question 2

Substance that can yield hydroxyl ions (OH-)

a. Acid
b. Base

Answer 2

b

Question 3

Proton acceptor

a. Acid
b. Base

Answer 3

b

Question 4

Proton donor

a. Acid
b. Base

Answer 4

a

Question 5

Combination of a weak acid and its salt or conjugate base that resist changes in pH

Answer 5

Buffer

Question 6

Buffer roles in the blood is to maintain the blood ___ within a narrow range

Answer 6

pH

Question 7

Most important buffer system in the blood

a. Hemoglobin
b. Plasma proteins
c. Phosphate buffer
d. Bicarbonate / Carbonic acid buffer system

Answer 7

d

Question 8

Second most important blood buffer

a. Hemoglobin
b. Plasma proteins
c. Phosphate buffer
d. Bicarbonate / Carbonic acid buffer system

Answer 8

a

Question 9

Have free carboxyl and amino groups that are able to bind H+

a. Hemoglobin
b. Plasma proteins
c. Phosphate buffer
d. Bicarbonate / Carbonic acid buffer system

Answer 9

b

Question 10

Uses HPO42- and H2PO4- to minimize pH changes in plasma and erythrocytes

a. Hemoglobin
b. Plasma proteins
c. Phosphate buffer
d. Bicarbonate / Carbonic acid buffer system

Answer 10

c

Question 11

Hemoglobin contains ____ histidine residues that bind H+

Answer 11

38

Question 12

In Bicarbonate:

Carbon dioxide reacts with water, forming carbonic acid which is unstable

T or F

Answer 12

T

Question 13

In Bicarbonate:

Since the carbonic acid (_______) is unstable, it dissociates into bicarbonate (________) and hydrogen ions

Answer 13

weak acid

conjugate base

Question 14

Reactions in Bicarbonate is Irreversible

T or F

Answer 14

F

Reversible

Question 15

What is the catalyst for Bicarbonic Anhydrase?

a. Carbonic acid
b. Carbinic anhydrase
c. Bicarbonate

Answer 15

b

Question 16

In Bicarbonate:

Under normal conditions, the ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid is _____

a. 10:1
b. 20:1
c. 1:0.5

Answer 16

b

Question 17

Henderson-Hasselbach equation:

pH=

pKa (6.1) + log(HCO3/H2CO3)

OR

pKa (6.1) + log(HCO3/pCO2 x 0.03)

T or F

Answer 17

T

Question 18

The “log(HCO3/pCO2 x 0.03)”, the HCO3 (numerator) denotes the function of the?

a. Kidneys (Metabolic)
b. Lungs (Respiratory)

Answer 18

a

Question 19

The “log(HCO3/pCO2 x 0.03)”, the pCO2 (Denominator) denotes the function of the?

a. Kidneys (Metabolic)
b. Lungs (Respiratory)

Answer 19

b

Question 20

When the ratio is 20:1, the pH is normal or around

a. 7.5
b. 7.2
c. 7.3
d. 7.4

Answer 20

d

Question 21

pH may be __________ by an increase in bicarbonate and decrease in pCO2

Answer 21

increased

Question 22

pH may be ___________ by a decrease in bicarbonate and increase in pCO2

Answer 22

decreased

Question 23

NOTE: Mnemonics = ROME

Respiratory Opposite
Metabolic Equal