Chapter 2- Structures Of DNA And RNA Flashcards
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate group and base
What does the sugar consists of?
5 carbon atoms (pentose sugar)
What does the phosphate group consist of?
Acidic, negatively charged part of the nucleic acids
What does the base consist of?
Contains nitrogen and either has one or two rings of atoms in its structure
Draw structure of nucleic acid
Do
How are nucleic acids linked together?
Through covalent bonds between the phosphate of one nucleotide and the pentose sugar of the next nucleotide
3 differences btween DNA and RNA what is the 1st?
1) the sugar within DNA is deoxyribose and the sugar in RNA is ribose
3 differences between RNA and DNA what’s the 2nd?
2) usually two polymers of nucleotides in DNA but only one in RNA
DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded
3 differences between DNA and RNA what’s the 3rd?
3) four bases in DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine while in RNA its the same except the thymine changes for uracil
Adenine only links with what?
Thymine
Cytosine only joins with what?
Guanine
DNA is diuble helix so made up of what?
Two anti parallel strands of nucleotides linked by hydrogen bonding between complementary base pairs
What are the 4 features of DNA?
1) each strand consists of chain of nucleotides linked together by covalent bonds
2) two strands are parallel but run in opposite directions so are said to be antiparallel. One strand goes 5’ to 3’ the other 3’ to 5’
3) the two strands are wound together to form a double helix
4) strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases - complementary base pairing
crick and Watson discovered the model of DNA how?
Using model making
Nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of what?
Nucleotides
