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Medicine Term One > Nerves - brain > Flashcards

Nerves - brain Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the brain stem

A

midbrain - high level functions
pons
medulla oblongata - vital involuntary functions

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2
Q

What is the four cerebrum lobes

A

frontal lobe - thoughts and feeling
temporal lobe - language and auditory
parietal lobe - sensation an touch
occipital lobe - visual

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3
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there

A

31

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4
Q

How many cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

A 
8 cervical 
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal
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5
Q

What are the three types of neurons related to the CNS

A

afferent neurone
efferent neurone
interneurons

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6
Q

What are the different gial cells in the CNS and their functions

A

Astrocytes -maintain the external environment for the neurones and surround blood vessels & produce the blood brain barrier
Oligodendrocytes - form myelin sheaths in the CNS
Microglia - immunity
ependymal cells - produce CBF

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7
Q

what are the gial cells in the PNS

A

Schwann cells - form myelin sheath

Satellite cells - support

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8
Q

Name three different types of potentials

A

RMP
graded
AP

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9
Q

What is a gyrus

A

a ridge or fold between two clefts on the cerebral surface in the brain

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10
Q

what is a sulcus

A

a groove or furrow, especially one on the surface of the brain

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11
Q

What does cerebellum regulate

A

muscular activity

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12
Q

What is the function of the corpus callous

A

joins the two hemispheres, helping in communication

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the RMP

A

keep cells ready to respond

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14
Q

what is an indirect cause of RMP

A

NA/K pump

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15
Q

What causes RMP

A

leaky K

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16
Q

What is the equilibrium constant

A

the membrane potential at which the electrical gradient is exactly equal and opposite to the concentration gradient

17
Q

What does the Nernst equation predict

A

the equilibrium potential for a single ion species

18
Q

What protects the brain from K changes

A

blood brain barrier

19
Q

What is the normal RMP

A

-70mV

20
Q

What causes the tight blood brain barrier

A

Due to astrocytes & tight junctions between endothelial cells

21
Q

Why is RMP -70mV and not theoretically -90mV

A

due to other leaky channels between Na and Cl

22
Q

When is depolorisation, repolarisation, hyperpolorisation

A

d- when cells become positive
r - when cells return make to RMP
h- cells go below RMP e.g. -90mV

23
Q

What is refractory period

A

cells is at rest and unresponsive to stimuli

Medicine Term One (59 decks)

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