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Medicine Term One > Parasites > Flashcards

Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

Define Parasite

A

A parasite is an organism that lives in another organism and gets its food at the expense of its host

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2
Q

What is a parasite more complex then

A

bacteria

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3
Q

What are the three classifications of parasites

A

Protoza
Helminths
Arhropods

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4
Q

What are the features of a protozoa parasite

A

One cell organism

Free living

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5
Q

Where do protozoa multiply

A

Multiply in humans

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6
Q

What is a protoza called if found in small intestine or blood

A

Fecal oral route

Arthropod vector

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7
Q

What are three example of protozoa

A

Malaria
Amoebae
flagellates

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8
Q

What are three infections caused by protozoa parasite

A

Malaria
Amoebic Dysentery
Leishmaniasis

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9
Q

What is the parasite injected into the skin by mosquitoes called which causes malaria (what is the most deadliest form of the parasite)

A

Plasmodium

plasmodium falciparum

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10
Q

What does plasmodium parasite do in infected humans

A

Invade RBC, multiply and lyse cells

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11
Q

How is malaria diagnosed

A

Thick and thin blood films H

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12
Q

How is malaria controlled

A

Nets

Prophylaxis

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13
Q

Define sporozates

A

infective agent introduced into a host

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14
Q

Define merozoites

A

a sporozates capable of capable of sexual or asexual development

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15
Q

Where does plasmodium sporozates mature as meterozite

A

The liver

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16
Q

What does amoebic dysentry cause

A

Infection of the intestine causing diarrhoea with blood or pus

17
Q

What parasite causes amoebic dysentry

A

Entamoeba Histolytica ingesting RBC

18
Q

Define trophozoite

A

a growing stage in the life cycle of some sporozoan parasites, when they are absorbing nutrients from the host

19
Q

How is amoebic dysentry diagnosed

A

Microscopy of cyts formed in stools

20
Q

What can occur in amoebic dysentry if disease progresses

A

Liver abscess

21
Q

What causes Leishmaniasis

A

leishmania transmitted by the bite of sandflies

22
Q

What does Leishmaniasis cause

A

Skin or mucosal (internal organs) ulceration

23
Q

How is leishmaniasis diagnosed

A

histology of biopsy material

24
Q

What are the three types of Helminths (worms)

A

Nematodes - round worms
Cestodes - tapeworms
Trematodes - flatworms

25
Q

What re two examples of nematodes round worms

A

Enterobius vermicularis

Ascaris lumbricoides

26
Q

How are round worms diagnosed

A

ova seen in faeces by microscopy

27
Q

What are enterbius vermicularis

A

threadlike bacteria that are excreted in the stool, laying eggs in the rectum at night

28
Q

What is the route of Ascaris lumbricoides round worms

A

ingested eggs hatch in intestine, larvae carry to lungs swallowed again and inhabit and develop in small intestine

29
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides are asymptomatic but a mass of the round worms can cause what

A

obstruct small intestine or common bile duct

30
Q

What are the examples of tape worms

A 
Taenia saginata (beef) and Taenia solium (pork)
Echinococcus
31
Q

What is the intermediate then definitive host for taenia tapeworms

A

Larval cysts ingested in meat

Adult tapeworm in human

32
Q

What is Cysticercosis

A

infection caused by the larvae of the parasite Taenia solium foreign cyts in human tissue

33
Q

What is the life cycle of tape worm parasite Echinococcus

A

Carried by dogs, humans ingest eggs, form cyts in the liver

34
Q

What is an example of a trematode flatworm and where is it found

A

Schistosomiasis

Fresh water

35
Q

What is the intermediate host for Schistosomiasis

A

Snails

36
Q

What is the pathway of Schistosomiasis flatworms in a human

A

Penetrate human skin, then migrate through lungs to liver where they mature, then they migrate to bladder and lay there eggs

37
Q

What disease can Schistosomiasis flat worms cause

A

Katayamia fever
Haematuria
Bladder cancer

38
Q

What is also accompanied by a flat worm infection

A

Increased WBC

Elevated IgE

39
Q

Detection methods

A

Microscopy

Serology (useful for deep location)

Medicine Term One (59 decks)

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