5th - Science Unit 8 Lesson 1 & 2

Question 0

Certain constellations, such as Orion, are only visible during which season in the Northern Hemisphere?

Answer 0

Orion is only visible in winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

Question 1

Is the Sun a star?

Answer 1

Yes, a star is an object that produces thermal and light energy. The Sun is an average-sized star Nd the largest object in the solar system.

Question 2

What does the Earth and the other planets move in orbits around?

Answer 2

The Sun

Question 3

Is a force of attraction, or pull, between any two objects?

Answer 3

Gravity

Question 4

The Sun’s gravitational pull on Earth is ___________ than its pull on a planet much farther away, such as Neptune.

Answer 4

Stronger

Question 5

Why does sunlight strikes Earth differently at different times of the year?

Answer 5

Because the Earth’s axis is tilted about 23 degrees.

Question 6

The strength of gravity increases as the ___________ of objects increases and decreases as the distance between objects increases.

Answer 6

Total mass

Question 7

What season is it when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun?

Answer 7

It is winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

Question 8

Due to the Earth’s rotation, the constellations appear to change what from season to season?

Answer 8

Position

Question 9

What is it called when every year, Earth makes one complete trip around the Sun?

Answer 9

Revolution

Question 10

What is it called when moving objects have a tendency to keep moving in a straight line?

Answer 10

Inertia

Question 11

What causes seasons?

Answer 11

The changes in the angle of the sunlight on the Earth cause the seasons.

Question 12

At any time, half of Earth faces the Sun and has _____________, while the other half faces away and has ________________.

Answer 12

Daylight, darkness

Question 13

A complete spin on its axil?

Answer 13

Rotation

Question 14

Is the path that one object takes around another object?

Answer 14

Orbit

Question 15

Why do the Sun, stars, and Moon appear to move from east to west across the sky?

Answer 15

Because of the Earth’s rotation

Question 16

What does the changes in the angle of sunlight on the Earth’s surface cause?

Answer 16

The seasons

Question 17

Because of the effects of gravity and inertia, the Earth moves in what nearly circular orbit shape?

Answer 17

Ellipse

Question 18

What keeps Earth in orbit around the Sun?

Answer 18

Gravity and inertia together make the Earth follow this path, or orbit.

Question 19

As Earth revolves around the Sun, sunlight strikes different parts of the Earth at different what?

Answer 19

Angles

Question 20

What does the temperature on the surface of a star determine?

Answer 20

The star’s color

Question 21

What measures how bright a star really is?

Answer 21

Absolute magnitude

Question 22

What are dark spots that appear on the surface of the Sun?

Answer 22

Sunspots

Question 23

Is a burst of heat and energy that stretches from the surface of the Sun into space?

Answer 23

Solar flare

Question 24

Is a object that produces it's own thermal and light energy?

Answer 24

Star

Question 25

What are occasional eruptions of energy from the Sun's surface that stretch far out into space?

Answer 25

Solar flares

Question 26

The mass of the Sun makes up 99.8 percent of all the mass where?

Answer 26

The solar system

Question 27

What can we calculate if we know how long it takes a planet to make one trip around the Sun and the distance between the planet and the Sun?

Answer 27

The mass of the Sun

Question 28

What measures how bright a star looks in the night sky?

Answer 28

Apparent magnitude

Question 29

If the sun were a hollow ball,how many Earth's could fit inside it?

Answer 29

1 million

Question 30

What is dependent upon how much light it gives off and it's distance from the Earth?

Answer 30

A star's brightness, or magnitude

Question 31

Who first identified many of the constellations we know today?

Answer 31

Ancient Greek and Roman astronomers

Question 32

What looks like a red circle around the Sun, when it is visible?

Answer 32

Solar flares

Question 33

Energy from solar flares also causes displays of different-colored lights in the Earth's upper atmosphere. What are these called?

Answer 33

Aurora borealis

Question 34

Is a pattern formed by a group of stars in the night sky?

Answer 34

Constellation

Question 35

What can always be found directly north of your location?

Answer 35

Polaris, or the Northern Star

Question 36

The mass of the Sun can be calculated if we know what two things?

Answer 36

1. How long it takes a planet to make one trip around the Sun. 2. The distance between the planet and the Sun.

Question 37

What are the largest stars called?

Answer 37

Red Supergiants

Question 38

What two very light gases is the Sun mostly made up of?

Answer 38

Hydrogen and Helium

Question 39

What is the mean, or average, distance between the Sun and Earth?

Answer 39

Astronomical unit

Question 40

What are the layers of the sun? (Pg. 414-415)

Answer 40

1. Core 2. Radiation layer 3. Convection layer 4. Photosphere 5. Chromosphere 6. Corona

Question 41

A constellation is a what formed by a group of stars in the night sky?

Answer 41

Pattern

Question 42

What are the smallest called?

Answer 42

Dwarfs

Question 43

Why do we not feel Earth moving?

Answer 43

You don't feel these motions because you are carried along with the Earth.

Question 44

What time of year is the Earth closest to the Sun and when is farthest?

Answer 44

It is closest in January and farthest in July.

Question 45

What is gravity?

Answer 45

Is a force of attraction, or pull, between any two objects.

Question 46

How long does it take Earth to complete a revolution around the Sun?

Answer 46

Earth makes a complete revolution in one year, or I. 365 1/4 days.

Question 47

How long does it take Earth to complete a rotation on its axis?

Answer 47

Earth makes one rotation every day, or 24 hours.

Question 48

Because the tilt of the Earth's axis always points in the same direction, the seasons in the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere are always what?

Answer 48

Opposite

Question 49

What is a constellation?

Answer 49

Is a pattern in the night sky formed by a group of stars.

Question 50

What affects the length of a day?

Answer 50

The tilt of the Earth's axis

Question 51

What would happen if the Earth was not tilted on its axis?

Answer 51

There would be no seasons.

Question 52

As a result of the effects of gravity and inertia, Earth moves in a nearly circular orbit?

Answer 52

Ellipse

Question 53

In what direction does the Earth rotate?

Answer 53

West to east