6th - SS Chapter 22 Notes Flashcards
(82 cards)
The Church continued to use what language, which is the language of Rome?
Latin
Even after the fall of the Roman Empire, the Europeans were still ________ by the memory of it.
Awe
Where did the popes govern the Church from?
Rome
With Europe split into hundreds of states, many longed for what?
The political unity of the Roman Empire
What German King increased his power by making alliances with other German nobles?
Otto the Great
What lands did Otto’s empire include?
Land that came to be known as Germany and Italy.
In time, German emperors claimed authority over what?
Much of central and Eastern Europe
The German empire was not like an ancient empire, controlled by a single government. What was it like?
It was a collection of states ruled by princes who were loyal to the emperor
This German empire came to be called what?
The Holy Roman Empire
Between the 900s and 1200, there were few strong rulers in Europe. Who did the political power lay with and why?
Aristocrats, whose castles helped them control their lands
As the trade increased throughout the 1100s, what happened?
Kings became more wealthier and politically stronger
In 1073, an Italian monk became Pope Gregory VII. What did he believe?
That the emperor should not have power over the Church
In the struggle for power with the Holy Roman Empire, Pope Gregory did what?
Issued a list of rules declaring his supreme authority over both Church and secular, or non-Church leaders.
Who initially disagreed with Pope Gregory VII about who had the right to chose bishops?
Henry IV
Henry IV ignored the pope’s rules by doing what?
By appointing his own bishop for the City of Milan, Italy and trying to remove Gregory from his position as pope.
What was Pope Gregory VII response to Henry IV actions?
He excommunicated Henry IV from the Church.
Elsewhere, similar conflicts were raging between Church and state. In England, who was the struggle between?
King Henry II and Thomas Becket, the arch-bishop of Canterbury
Henry and Thomas Becket had once been allies. What had Henry done for Becket?
Henry had appointed Becket to be the arch-bishop of Canterbury which made him the most important bishop in the land.
Henry II wanted to expand Royal power and thought that Becket would support his policies. But what happened?
Becket resisted Henry’s attempt. The struggle became so fierce that Becket excommunicated Henry
In anger, Henry uttered words that he would later regret but that some of his Knights took seriously. What happened as a result of this?
Some of the King Henry’s Knights traveled to Canterbury and murdered the Archbishop Becket in the church itself
After Thomas Becket’s murder a shrine was setup in the cathedral of Canterbury and it became what?
A destination of pilgrimage
The ancestors of the French kings were merely aristocrats with little power. What family established their capital in Paris Andre kingdom grew stronger?
Capetians
Who came to the throne in 1180 and was named the “King of France” rather than the “King of the Frank’s”?
King Phillip II Augustus
The roots of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms can be traced back to where?
The Germanic tribes
