6th - Science Chap 19 outline

Question 0

The sun is a star that the _____________ and seven other planets revolve around.

Answer 0

Earth

Question 1

In times past, people used to observe the sky and use the _____________ to help them tell time.

Answer 1

Stars

Question 2

The sun is part of the Milky Way, which is one of billions of ______________ in the universe.

Answer 2

Galaxies

Question 3

A galaxy is a system made up of billions of ____________.

Answer 3

Stars

Question 4

People today use ______________ to help them see many stars and other objects in the night sky that people in the past were unable to with their eyes alone.

Answer 4

Telescopes

Question 5

Stars send energy called _______________ waves into space.

Answer 5

Electromagnetic

Question 6

Unlike other types of waves, electromagnetic waves travel through ____________.

Answer 6

Matter or through a vacuum such as space.

Question 7

The kind of energy that electromagnetic waves carry is called _____________ energy.

Answer 7

Radiant

Question 8

The ____________ is the entire range of energy carried by the electromagnetic waves.

Answer 8

Electromagnetic spectrum

Question 9

The shortest electromagnetic wave are called _____________.

Answer 9

Gamma rays

Question 10

The longest electromagnetic waves are called _____________.

Answer 10

Radio waves

Question 11

Humans can directly observe a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which is called ___________ light.

Answer 11

Visible

Question 12

The amounts of different types of radiant energy stars emit vary from star to star, depending on the __________ of the star.

Answer 12

Temperatures

Question 13

Hot stars emit most of their radiant energy as __________ electromagnetic waves, such as gamma rays and X-rays. These waves have ________________ energy.

Answer 13

Shorter, higher

Question 14

Cool stars emit most of their radiant energy as ___________ electromagnetic waves with ___________ energy, such as radio waves and infrared waves.

Answer 14

Longer, lower

Question 15

Planets and moons do not emit their own light. Instead, they __________ light from the sun. That is the reason we can see these objects in the sky.

Answer 15

Reflect

Question 16

All light waves travel at ____________ km/s, which is called the speed of light.

Answer 16

300,000

Question 17

Telescopes that are based on Earth gather three different kinds of electromagnetic waves _________, ___________, and some microwave.

Answer 17

1. Visible light

2. Radio waves

Question 18

_____________ telescopes gather and focus visible light.

Answer 18

Optical

Question 19

A(n) ___________ telescope uses a convex lens to concentrate light from distance objects.

Answer 19

Refracting

Question 20

A(n) _____________ telescope uses a curved mirror to concentrate light from distance objects.

Answer 20

Reflecting

Question 21

A telescope that uses an antenna that looks like a satellite dish to gather and concentrate radio waves and some microwaves from distant objects is called a(n) ____________ telescope.

Answer 21

Radio

Question 22

The ____________ of a telescope affects the clarity of the images Earth-based telescopes can produce.

Answer 22

Location

Question 23

Some types of electromagnetic waves are completely blocked by Earth’s __________. However, telescopes in space can collect radiation from wavelengths, including those that do not penetrate the ____________.

Answer 23

Atmosphere, atmosphere

Question 24

____________ telescopes work on Earth, but they work better in space because there are no atmospheric gases, the sky is darker, and there is no __________.

Answer 24

Optical, weather

Question 25

The Hubble Space Telescope is the only telescope that collects __________; more than a dozen space-based telescopes gather other forms of electromagnetic radiation.

Answer 25

Visible light

Question 26

Rockets help scientists solve one problem of traveling into space - overcoming the force of Earth's ___________.

Answer 26

Gravity

Question 27

A vehicle designed to propel itself by ejecting gases as exhaust from one end is called a(n) ________.

Answer 27

Rocket

Question 28

A(n) ____________ is any small object that orbits a larger object.

Answer 28

Satellite

Question 29

The planet Earth has one natural ___________ - the moon.

Answer 29

Satellite

Question 30

People use ___________ to launch artificial satellites.

Answer 30

Rockets

Question 31

The first artificial satellite sent into Earth's orbit was ___________.

Answer 31

Sputnik 1

Question 32

A year later, the United States launched __________, which was its first artificial satellite.

Answer 32

Explorer 1

Question 33

Today, ___________ of artificial satellites orbit the Earth.

Answer 33

Thousands

Question 34

The _________ developed the first artificial satellites for navigation and to gather information.

Answer 34

Military

Question 35

Today artificial satellites are used to transmit ___________and television signals and to monitor Earth's ___________ and climate.

Answer 35

Telephone, weather

Question 36

The Global Positioning System, which is abbreviated _______, is an array of satellites used for ______________ in cars, boats, and airplanes, and even for hiking.

Answer 36

GPS, navigation

Question 37

In 1958, the United States established the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, which is abbreviated ________, to oversee all U.S. space missions.

Answer 37

NASA

Question 38

An unscrewed spacecraft sent from Earth to explore objects in space is called a(n) ________.

Answer 38

Space probe

Question 39

Space probes are robots that work automatically or by __________ control.

Answer 39

Remote

Question 40

Space probes are not designed to return to Earth; they send data via __________ to Earth.

Answer 40

Radio waves

Question 41

In 1959, the United States and the Soviet Union sent the first space probes to ____________.

Answer 41

The moon

Question 42

One goal of the early space program was to send __________ into space.

Answer 42

Humans

Question 43

Space travel is dangerous because exposure to ___________ and ____________ could damage health.

Answer 43

Radiation and weightlessness

Question 44

The first crewed space missions occurred when astronauts orbited _________ in the early 1960s.

Answer 44

Earth

Question 45

________________ was a series of space missions designed to send astronauts to the Moon.

Answer 45

Project Apollo

Question 46

Rockets that were used to launch spacecraft could be used only once, so NASA designed reusable spacecraft called ______________ to transport people and materials to and from space.

Answer 46

Space shuttle

Question 47

People from many countries are building the _______________, an Earth-orbiting research laboratory where astronauts work and live.

Answer 47

International Space Station

Question 48

The space program requires materials that can withstand the extreme __________ and _________ of space.

Answer 48

Temperatures and pressure

Question 49

Materials developed for spacesuits are used now to make racing suits for ____________, lightweight _______________ gear, running shoes, and other sports clothing.

Answer 49

Swimmers, firefighting

Question 50

Materials originally developed for the parachute cords of space probes is used today in radial __________.

Answer 50

Tires

Question 51

Ear thermometers that used infrared radiation, robotic surgery, artificial limbs, and lighter, stronger orthodontic braces are ________technologies that have been developed in part using technologies developed for space.

Answer 51

Space