Flashcards in 9/27 Deck (72)
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1
what immunosuppression drug is mainly used for solid organ transplants and inhibits T cella activation
Cyclosporin
2
anticholinergic that treats drug induced parkinsonism
Benztropine
3
what is the mixing of genomic segments in segmented viruses that affect the host cell called
reassortment
4
what is it called when a host cell is infected with 2 viral strains and progeny irons contain unchanged parental genome from one strain and nucleocapsid proteins from the other strain
phenotypic mixing
5
what is it called when there is gene exchange from the crossing over of 2 double stranded DNA molecules
recombination
6
what is the uptake of naked DNA by a prokaryote or eukarytoci cell
transformation
7
incorporation of viral DNA into a host cell chromosome is known as
transformation
8
what is acute cholecystitis caused by
obstruction by a gall stone
9
what gives similar results on repeat measurements and is reproducible
reliable test
10
ability for test to measure what it is supposed to measure is known as
validity ( accuracy)
11
dura mater ends at what level
S2
12
what is the bony attachment site for the sartorius muscle
anterior superior iliac spine
13
what is the bony attachment site for the sacrotuberous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments in the iliac crest
posterior superior iliac spine
14
inactivation of the HFE protein causes
hemochromatosis
15
why does inactivation of the HFE protein cause hemochromatosis
because hepcidin is decreased and the hepatocytes have an increased expression of DMT1 by enterocytes that lead to iron overload
16
patients with hemochromatosis are at an increased risk for what
liver cirrhosis and hepatocellualr carcinoma
17
what protein is known to interact with transferrin receptor to sense iron stores
HFE protein
18
what is bronze diabetes
when body iron level exceed 20 g and there is a triad of
- diabetes mellitus
- skin pigmentation
- micro nodular cirrhosis
19
what is an Anti IgE antibody that is given to people with moderate to severe allergic asthma
omalizumab
20
what is Bortezomib
a proteasome inhibitor that is used in the treatment of multiple myeloma and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
21
name 3 anti TNF-a drugs
infliximab
Etanercept
Golimumab
22
40 s subunit of ribosomes does what
binds mRNA and tRNA
23
60s subunit of ribosomes does what
has peptide transferase which is the enzyme that causes peptide bond formation between amino acids ( protein synthesis)
24
how do ribosomes attach to the RER
via the translocon which is a protein complex that contains ribophorins that bind the large 60s subunit
25
what do the lamellar bodies of type 2 pneumocytes do
they store and release pulmonary surfactant into the fluid layer lining the alveoli
26
where do goblet cells end in the air way
larger bronchioles, then club cells take over
27
particles that lodge distally to the terminal bronchioles where there is no cilia present is cleared by
macrophages
28
what stimulates the granuloma cells inside the follicle to produce estrogen which leads to the rise of estrogen seen in the follicular stage of the menstrual cycle
FSH
29
where is androstenedione synthesized in women
in the theca cells and turned into estrogen in the granuloma cells
30
