Flashcards in Endocrine Deck (74)
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1
What test should you order before giving metformin
Creatine test
2
What happens to pro insulin in the RER
It is added to three disulfide bonds and transported to the Golgi and packed into secretary granules
3
The cleavage of what by endopeptidases in the secretory granules results in the formation of insulin and c peptide
Pro insulin
4
Uptake of cholesterol happens how
Receptor mediated endocytosis (mediated by LDL receptor)
5
How does glucose get into cells
Facilitated diffusion with the use of GLUT transporters
6
medullary thyroid carcinoma has increased levels of what
calcitonin
7
what are the gremlin mutations seen in MEN 2
RET
8
Marfanoid, mucosal neuroma, pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma?
MEN 2B
9
medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, parathyroid hyperplasia
MEN 2A
10
hyperparathyroidism, pituitary tumor
and pancreatic tumor
MEN 1
11
RAS mutations are found in what
follicular thyroid cancer and some follicular adenomas
12
what is the treatment for CAD
giving low doses of cortisol to suppress ACTH secretion
13
what is the best marker test for hypothyroidism
high TSH ( this will be high before you see low T3 and T4)
14
why does the metabolism of alcohol for long periods of time cause hypoglycemia
Alcohol DH and Acetaldehyde DH reduce NAD to NADH and this increases the NADH/NAD Ratio, making impossible for reactions that need NAD to work, such as gluconeogensis
15
what binds to potassium in the pancreas to release insulin
ATP
16
protein defect in familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome
Lipoprotein Lipase and ApoC-2
17
major manifestations of Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome
Acute Pancreatitis
Eruptive skin Xanthomas
18
protein defect in familial hypercholesterolemia
LDL receptor
APOB-100
19
manifestations in familial hypercholesterolemia
premature coronary artery disease
20
protein defect in familial dysbetalipiproteinemia
ApoE
21
manifestation in familial dysbetalipiproteinemia
premature coronary artery disease
22
protein defect in familial hypertriglyceridemia
ApoA-V
23
what is lipoprotein lipase usually bound too
heparin sulfate
24
milky appearing renal vascular is seen in familial chylomicronemia syndrome and is called what
lipema retinalis
25
what are the carrier proteins for OCT and ADH
neurophysins
26
what is the signaling pathway that GH uses to release IGF-1 from the liver
Jak Stat Pathway
27
what is it called when there is an aldosterone secreting tumor and there is a rise in sodium and a fall in hydrogen and potassium
Conn syndrome
28
DKA can cause something in patients that is associated with the respiratory alkalosis they experience to combat the acidosis
respiratory failure
29
biopsy of subacute granulomatous thyroiditis
multinuclear giant cels with lymphocytic infiltration
30
