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Flashcards in Biochem Questions Deck (29)
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1
Q

which GLUT transporter is located on pancreatic islet cells, hepatocytes, small intestine and kidneys

A

GLUT2

2
Q

what GLUT transporter is for neuronal glucose transport and the placenta

A

GLUT 3

3
Q

what is the frustocse GLUT transporter found in sperm and g.i tract

A

Glut 5

4
Q

what does asterixis mean and what is it seen in

A
  • flapping hand tremor

seen in hepatic encephalopathy

5
Q

in hepatic encephalopathy there are increased levels of what floating around

A

ammonia, due to the liver not being able to get ride of it

6
Q

name two muscarinic antagonist that can treat organophosphate posing

A

atropine and pralidoxime

7
Q

how do you treat hartnup disease

A

administer nicotinic acid, nicotinamide and high protein diet

8
Q

nicotinamide is another name for

A

niacin

9
Q

what does the enzyme Arginase doe

A

it turned arginine into ornithine and urea in the urea cycle

10
Q

how to treat arginase deficient?

A

low protein diet

11
Q

when you block the urea cycle and it leads to the overproduction of carbamyl phosphate what is produced

A

orotic acid

12
Q

what type of heritage is seen in G6PD D

A

x-linked

13
Q

what is a drug that is given for UTI that has oxidative properties and can precipitate hemolysis in people with G6PD D

A

TMP-SMX

14
Q

what is the defected enzyme in Hereditary Orotic Aciduria

A

UMP Synthase ( uridine 5’ monophosphate)

15
Q

UMP synthase dose what

A

it converted orotic acid into UMP

16
Q

what can bypass the enzymatic affect go UMP synthase defect?

A

uridine supplementation

17
Q

what is the presentation of Hereditary Orotic Aciduria

A
  • AR disorder
  • physical and mental retardation
    -megaloblastic anemia
  • elevated urinary orotic acid
  • high MCV
  • low reticulocyte
    -low HBg
    disorder of de novo synthesis of pyrimidines
18
Q

what is the first fatty acid produces by ACOA in the fed state during lipogenesis

A

Palmitic Acid

19
Q

when does gluconeogenesis become the major supplier of energy

A

after 12-18 hours of fasting

20
Q

amanita phalloides is what

A

death cap mushroom (amatoxin)

21
Q

what do amatoxins do

A

they go to the liver and bind to DNA dependent RNA polymerase II and block mRNA synthesis causing APOPTOSIS

22
Q

Acyclovir inhibits what

A

DNA polymerase

23
Q

what is found in the castor oil plant and is a potent toxin the inhibits protein synthesis by cleaving rRNA of 60s subunit

A

Ricin

24
Q

x-linked sideroblastic anemia s due to what

A

gamma-aminolevulinate synthase mutation

25
Q

self mutilation, dystonia, choreoasthetosis and hyperuricimea are signs of . x-linked

A

Lesch-Nyan Syndrome

26
Q

what is deficient in Lesh-Nyhan syndrome

A

hypxantine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)

27
Q

high concentrations of Fructose 2-6 Bis Ph. inhibit what and cause what

A

inhibit gluconeogensis and cause things like alanine to be used to make glucose

28
Q

what causes the activation of PFK2

A

insulin

29
Q

name two types os silencing RNA

A

siRNA (small interfering) and microRNA(miRNA)