Flashcards in 9/28 Deck (65)
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1
what can be overcome by high ate receptive nerve stimulation causing compound muscle fasciculation
botulin toxin
2
what is a drug that blocks the action of AcH when the vagus nerve si stimulated, causing bronchial dilation
ipratropium
3
what drug enhance the dilation effects seen in beta 2 agonist
ipratropium
4
what drug blocks the parasympathetic stimulation of tracheobronchial submucosal gland stimulation n the lungs
ipratropium
5
what are the preferred drugs for the prophylaxis of bronchial asthma
inhaled glucocorticoids like Flunisolide
6
how does theophylline work
blocks phosphodiesterase activity causing vasodilation by increasing cAMP
7
what disease has a decreases in ADAMTS13 which leads to large vWF multimuers that cause crovascualr plateltlt rich thrombi
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purport
8
what does TTP result in
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia
9
direct and consensual light reflex comes from what part of the brain stem
midbrain ( cranial nerve 3 is there)
10
when light comes into the retina and is transmitted to the pretectal nucleus it is relayed to the bilaterally so the both eyes will read with what uncles
Edinger-Westphal nuclei
11
what cranial nerves are in the medulla
9 and 10
12
what is Gertsman syndrome
lesion of the left parietal area of the brain which caused
- right left confusion
- agraphia (disorder of writing and spelling)
- acalculia
13
what area of the brian controls horizontal gaze ( oculocephalic gaze)
pons
14
pinpoint pupils means the what brian structure is damage due to loss of descending sympathetic tracts
pons
15
how does the killed flu vaccine work
by producing antibody to hemagglutinin so that it cannot bind to the host cell and enter. it stops entering into the host cell
16
what kind of vaccine stimulates the MHC class and can generate CD 8 cells
live vaccine
17
what is the neuroamindias blocker that stops the release of irons
oseltamivir
18
a seizure that last more then 5 minuets or a series of seizures that happen without the gain of conciseness is known as
status epilepticus
19
what is the initial treatment for status epileptics
lorazepam and phenytoin
20
how does phenytoin work
it reduces the ability of sodium channels to recover m inactivation (anticonvulsant)
21
what two antisezuire drugs block sodium channels
phenytoin and carbamezepine
22
hat antisezuire drug blocks sodium channels and increases GABA levels
valproic acid
23
hat two drugs that are for seizures increase the action of GABA
benzos and phenobarbital
24
what antiseziure drug modulates GABA and Glutamate release
levetiracetam
25
what antisezuire drug blocks t type thalamic calcium channels
ethosuximide
26
what drug is an irreversible inhibitor of GABA transaminase that is responsible for the break down of GABA in the CNS
Vigabatrin
27
what is the cause of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
a mutation in the PIGA gene that cause a deficiency of GPI anchor, CD55 (decay accelerating factor) and CD 59 (MAC inhibitor) which inhibit complement from binding to RBC
28
what is a main cytokine that is produced in giant cell arteriritis
IL-6 (inflammation)
29
what is the inflammatory infiltrate in giant cell arteritis mainly composed of
CD4 cells and Macrophages
30
