Chapter 30 Part A: Plant Diversity II (Slide 48)

Question 1

Consists of an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat

Answer 1

Seed

Question 2

Can disperse over long distances by wind and other means

Answer 2

Seed

Question 3

______ and _______ grains are key adaptations for life on land

Answer 3

Seeds and pollen

Question 4

All seed plants have reduced gametophytes, _________, __________, and pollen

Answer 4

Heterospory and ovules

Question 5

The adaptations of seed plants help plants cope with ___________ and exposure to ___________ radiation

Answer 5

Drought; ultraviolet (UV)

Question 6

What is not required for fertilization in seed plants

Answer 6

Water

Question 7

Seed plant life cycles are _________-dominated

Answer 7

Sporophyte

Question 8

_________ are microscopic and dependent in seed plants

Answer 8

Gametophytes

Question 9

What develop from spores retained within the sporangia of the __________?

Answer 9

Gametophytes; sporophyte

Question 10

What are protected from environmental stress and receive nutrients from the _________ sporophyte?

Answer 10

Gametophytes; parent

Question 11

What kind of plant produce one kind of spore?

Answer 11

Homosporous

Question 12

What type of plant generally have bisexual gametophytes

Answer 12

Homosporous

Question 13

What type of plant produce two types of spores?

Answer 13

Heterosporous

Question 14

Which type of plant forms either male or female gametophytes?

Answer 14

Heterosporous

Question 15

________ and other close relatives of _______ plants are Homosporous

Answer 15

Ferns; seed

Question 16

_________ plants are heterosporous

Answer 16

Seed

Question 17

What develop within sporangia?

Answer 17

Spores

Question 18

What are born on modified leaves called sporophylls?

Answer 18

Sporangia

Question 19

What consists of a megaspore within a megasporangium

Answer 19

Ovule

Question 20

Ovules are surrounded by one or more protective coats called ___________

Answer 20

Integuments

Question 21

What typically have one integument? What has two integuments?

Answer 21

Gymnosperms; angiosperms

Question 22

Each microspore develops into a ________ _______

Answer 22

Pollen grain

Question 23

What does a pollen grain consist of?

Answer 23

Male gametophytes enclosed within the pollen wall

Question 24

The transfer of pollen to the part of a seed plant containing the ovules

Answer 24

Pollination

Question 25

What can be transferred long distances by wind or animals

Answer 25

Pollen

Question 26

Pollen grains ________ when they reach the ________ reproductive structure

Answer 26

Germinate; female

Question 27

What produces a pollen tube?

Answer 27

Germinated pollen grain

Question 28

What grows into the ovule and discharges sperm into the female gametophyte?

Answer 28

Pollen tube

Question 29

Sperm fertilizes the egg of a ________ plant, the ________ grows into a __________ embryo.

Answer 29

Seed; zygote; sporophyte

Question 30

What develops into a seed?

Answer 30

Ovule

Question 31

An embryo, with a food supply, packaged in a protective coat

Answer 31

Seed

Question 32

What two things provide protection from harsh conditions and facilitate dispersal

Answer 32

Seeds and spores

Question 33

_________ provide evolutionary advantages over _______

Answer 33

Seeds; spores

Question 34

Are multicellular

Answer 34

Seeds

Question 35

Single cells

Answer 35

Spores

Question 36

Can remain dormant for years until conditions are favorable for germination

Answer 36

Seeds

Question 37

Shorter-lived

Answer 37

Spores

Question 38

Stored food to nourish growing seedlings

Answer 38

Seeds

Question 39

Do not provide nourishment to gametophytes

Answer 39

Spores

Question 40

Transported longer distances by wind or animals

Answer 40

Seeds

Question 41

Drop closer to the parent plant

Answer 41

Spores

Question 42

Have “naked seeds” exposed on sporophylls that usually form cones

Answer 42

Gymnosperms

Question 43

Are cone-bearing plants

Answer 43

Gymnosperms

Question 44

Cone-bearing plants

Answer 44

Conifers

Question 45

Pines, firs, and redwoods

Answer 45

Conifers

Question 46

Seed plant evolution has included three key reproductive adaptations (1)

Answer 46

Miniaturization of gametophytes

Question 47

Seed plant evolution has included three key reproductive adaptations (2)

Answer 47

Production of the seed as a resistant, dispersible stage in the life cycle

Question 48

Seed plant evolution has included three key reproductive adaptations (3)

Answer 48

Pollen, an airborne agent bringing gametes together

Question 49

An example of a sporophyte that produces sporangia in male and female cones

Answer 49

Pine trees

Question 50

Are small and consists of microsporophylls that bear micorsporangia

Answer 50

Pollen cones

Question 51

Undergo meiosis to produce haploid microspores within the microsporangia

Answer 51

Microsporocytes

Question 52

What develops into a pollen grain containing a male gametophyte

Answer 52

Microspore

Question 53

Release large amount of wind-carried pollen

Answer 53

Cones

Question 54

________ cones are larger and consist of modified stem tissue and megasporophylls bearing megasporangia

Answer 54

Ovulate

Question 55

Within each mega__________, mega_________ undergo meiosis to produce haploid mega________

Answer 55

Sporagium; sporocytes; spores

Question 56

Develop into female gametophytes, retained within the megasporangia

Answer 56

Megaspores

Question 57

In most pine species, each tree has both _______ and ________ cones

Answer 57

Male; female

Question 58

It takes nearly ___ years from the time the cones first appear to produce _________ seeds

Answer 58

3; mature

Question 59

The scales of each ________ cone separate at ________ and seeds are dispersed by wind

Answer 59

Ovulate; maturity

Question 60

At __________, the sporophyte embryo emerges as a __________

Answer 60

Germination; seedling

Question 61

Characteristics found in living seed plants date back to the late _________ period

Answer 61

Devonian

Question 62

Heterosporous tree with a woody stem, but it did not bear seeds

Answer 62

Archaeopteris

Question 63

The oldest gymnosperms fossils are about ______ million years old

Answer 63

305

Question 64

Replaced seedless vascular plants in the drying climate of the late Carboniferous period

Answer 64

Gymnosperms

Question 65

What 3 things helped gymnosperms thrive into the Permian period

Answer 65

Seeds, pollen, and adaptations for drought tolerance

Question 66

What served as food for herbivorous dinosaurs

Answer 66

Gymnosperms

Question 67

What began to replace gymnosperms near the end of the Mesozoic era

Answer 67

Angiosperms

Question 68

What dominates most terrestrial ecosystems

Answer 68

Angiosperms

Question 69

Vast regions in northern latitudes are covered by _________ of ________

Answer 69

Forests; conifers