Chapter 33 Pt. B: Slides 57-103 Flashcards
1
Q
What are the three lineages of Arthropods?
A
Chelicerates, Myriapods, and Pancrustaceans
2
Q
Which lineage of Arthropods are named for their claw like feeding appendages
A
Chelicerates
3
Q
Clawlike feeding appendages of Chelicerates
A
Chelicerae
4
Q
Water scorpions
A
Eurypterids
5
Q
The earliest member of the Chelicerates clade
A
Eurypterids
6
Q
What are the only surviving groups of Chelicerates
A
Sea spiders and horseshoe crabs
7
Q
AKA arachnids
A
Chelicerates
8
Q
Spiders, scorpions, ticks and mites
A
Chelicerates
9
Q
Arachnids have ____ paired appendages
A
6
10
Q
What are the 6 paired appendages of arachnids?
A
Chelicerae, pedipalps, and 4 pairs of walking legs
11
Q
In Arachnids, function in sensing, feeding, defense or preproduction
A
Pedipalps
12
Q
In most __________, gas exchange is carried out by _________ __________, stacked plate like structures
A
Spiders; book lungs
13
Q
Where do spiders produce their silk from?
A
Specialized abdominal glands
14
Q
What are the 5 uses of spider’s silk?
A
- Construction of web for capturing prey
- Dropline for rapid escape
- Covering for eggs
- “Gift wrap” for male courtships offerings
- Transport (“ballooning”)
15
Q
This clade of Arthropods includes millipedes and centipedes
A
Myriapods
16
Q
All living myriapods are
A
Terrestrial
17
Q
Myriapods have a pair of __________ and ___ pairs of appendages modified as _________________
A
Antennae; 3; mouthparts
18
Q
Millipedes have ____ pairs of legs per trunk segment
A
2
19
Q
Eat decaying leaves and other plant matter
A
Millipedes
20
Q
Are carnivores
A
Centipedes
21
Q
Centipedes have ___ pair of legs per trunk segment
A
1
22
Q
Have poison claws on the foremost trunk segment paralyze prey and aid in defense
A
Centipedes
23
Q
Terrestrial insects are more closely related to ____________ than ___________
A
Crustaceans; myriapods
24
Q
Together, __________ and ________________ form the clade Pantcrustacea
A
Insects; crustaceans
25
Crabs, lobsters, shrimp, and others
Crustaceans
26
Where do crustaceans live?
Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats
27
Small ____________ exchange gases through the ________
Crustaceans; cuticle
28
Larger crustaceans have
Gills
29
In _____________, _______ waste diffuse through the cuticle
Crustaceans; nitrogenous
30
A pair of __________ regulates salt balance
Glands
31
Many crustaceans have highly specialized
Appendages
32
In Crustaceans, the anterior-most appendages form
2 pairs of antennae
33
In Crustaceans, appendages 3 or more pairs are modified as
Mouthparts
34
In Crustaceans, walking legs are located on the
Thorax
35
In Crustaceans, swimming appendages are located on the
Tail
36
Most Crustaceans have separate
Sexes
37
Most aquatic species of ____________ have 1 or more swimming larval stages
Crustaceans
38
One of the largest groups of Crustaceans that live in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats
Isopods
39
Common terrestrial isopods that live under moist logs and leaves
Pill bugs
40
Are relatively large crustaceans including lobsters, crabs, crayfish, and shrimp
Decapods
41
__________’s cuticle is hardened by calcium carbonate
Decapod
42
Most are marine, but crayfish live in fresh water, and some tropical crabs live on land
Decapods
43
_______________ crustaceans are small and numerous
Planktonic
44
Of Planktonic crustaceans, ____________ are the most abundant animals
Copepods
45
Shrimp-like krill
Copepods
46
Larval stages of many larger crustaceans are
Planktonic
47
Are mostly sessile crustaceans with a cuticle hardened into a calcium carbonate shell
Barnacles
48
Most anchor to submerged surfaces such as rocks, boat hulls, or pilling
Barnacles
49
In barnacles, ___________ appendages extend from the shell to strain food from water
Feeding
50
Clade ___________ includes insects and their relatives
Hexapoda
51
Live in most terrestrial habitats and in fresh water, but are rare in marine habitats
Insects
52
Have several complex internal organ systems
Insects
53
Insect _________ are an extension of the _______, enabling flight without sacrificing a pair of walking legs
Wings; cuticle
54
In insects, what improved the ability to evade predators, locate food and mates, and disperse to new habitats?
Flight
55
Some insects undergo ____________ _____________ during their development
Incomplete metamorphosis
56
In insects, the young (_________) resemble small, wingless adults
Nymphs
57
Insects undergo a series of _______ as they grow
Molts
58
Insects reach full size, acquire ________, and become ___________ mature with the final molt
Wings; sexually
59
Other insects undergo _____________ ______________
Complete metamorphosis
60
During _________ metamorphosis, insects have larval stages (called maggots, _____, or caterpillars) specialized for __________ and growing
Complete; grubs; eating
61
In ____________ metamorphosis, larval stages look very different from the adult stage
Complete
62
In _____________ metamorphosis, metamorphosis from larva to adult occurs during a pupal stage
Complete
63
Most insects reproduce
Sexually
64
Fertilization in insects is generally
Internal
65
In insects, some species ________; in other females pick up a sperm packet deposited by the male
Copulate
66
In insects, ______ are generally laid on a food source e
Eggs
67
Two orders of wingless insects
Archaeognatha and Zygentoma
68
Bristletails
Archaeognatha
69
Are wingless insects found in moist, dark terrestrial habitats, such as leaf litter or under bark
Bristletails (Archaeognatha)
70
Feed on algae, plant debris, and lichens
Bristletails (Archaeognatha)
71
Silverfish
Zygentoma
72
Small, wingless insects with a flattened body and reduced eyes
Silverfish (Zygentoma)
73
The live in leaf litter, under bark, or infest buildings
Silverfish (Zygentoma)
74
There are many orders of winged insects with _________ or _____________ metamorphosis
Complete; incomplete
75
Coleopterans, dipterans, lepidopterans, and hymenopterans have ____________ metamorphosis
Complete
76
Hemipterans and orthopterans have ____________ metamorphosis
Incomplete
77
Coleopterans, dipterans, lepidopterans, hymenopterans, hemipterans, and orthopterans are
Winged insects
78
Beetles
Coleoptera
79
Most species-rich order of insects
Beetles
80
Beetles have ____ pairs of wings, one thick and _____, the other ________________
2; stiff; membranous
81
Beetles have armored ___________ and _____________ adapted for biting and chewing
Exoskeleton; mouthparts
82
Dipterans have ____ pair of wings; the second pair form balancing organs called _________________
1; halteres
83
In Diptera, ___________ are adapted for sucking, piercing, or lapping
Mouthparts
84
_________ and ___________ are common dipterans
Flies; mosquitoes
85
Are highly social insects including ants, bees, and wasps
Hymenoptera
86
Hymenopterans have ____ pairs of ____________ wings, a mobile _______, and chewing or sucking ______________
2; membranous; head; mouthparts
87
In Hymenoptera, ________ of many species have a posterior ________
Females; stinger
88
Many build elaborate nests
Hymenoptera
89
Include butterflies and moths
Lepidoptera
90
Have a long ___________ is uncoiled to feed on nectar, or animal blood or tears
Lepidoptera; proboscis
91
Include “true bugs” such as stink bugs, bed bugs, and assassin bugs
Hemiptera
92
How many pairs of wings and what type of wings do Hemiptera have?
2 pairs; leathery and membranous
93
They have piercing or sucking mouthparts
Hemiptera
94
Mostly herbivorous insects including grasshoppers, crickets, and their relatives
Orthoptera
95
Large hind legs are adapted for jumping
Orthoptera
96
Many rub together body parts to make courtship sounds
Orthoptera
97
Play roles such as predators, prey, parasites, and decomposers
Orthoptera
98
Orthoptera, beneficial: __________, harmful: __________
Pollinators; pests
99
_____________ and _________ are deuterostomes
Echinoderms; chordates
100
This phylum includes sea stars and sea urchins
Echinoderms
101
Vertebrates are members of phylum
Chordata
102
What are the 2 developmental characteristics of Deuterostomes
Radial cleavage
Formation of the anus from the blastopore
103
What are used to define deuterostomes
DNA similarities
104
Are slow moving or sessile marine animals
Echinoderms
105
They have a ______ and an ____________ of hard calcareous plates; most are prickly
Coelom; endoskeleton
106
In Echinoderms, what function in locomotion and feeding?
Tube feet
107
Have separate sexes and external fertilization
Echinoderms
108
Most adult echinoderms appear to have _________ symmetry
Radial
109
Echinoderm larvae have _______ symmetry.
Bilateral
110
Living echinoderms are divided into 5 clades:
Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Echinoidea
Crinoidea
Holothuroidea
111
This clade of Echinoderms is sea stars and daisies
Asteroidea
112
Are used to pry open bivalves, which are digested externally
Tube feet
113
This clade of Echinoderms are brittle stars
Ophiuroidea
114
May have suspension feeders, predators, or scavengers
Ophiurodiea
115
This clade of Echinoderms is sea urchins and sand dollars
Echionidea
116
This clade of Echinoderms is sea lilies and feather stars
Crinoidea
117
Both use their arms in suspension feeding
Crinoidea
118
This clade of Echinoderms is sea cucumbers
Holothuroidea
119
Lack spines and have reduced endoskeletons
Sea cucumbers
120
Phylum Chordata includes vertebrates and what 2 groups of invertebrates
Lancelets
Tunicates
121
Bilaterally symmetrical coelomates with segmented bodies
Chordates
