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Biology 2 > Chapter 33: Animal Groups Summary > Flashcards

Chapter 33: Animal Groups Summary Flashcards

(82 cards)

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1
Q

Lack tissues; have choanocytes

A

Porifera

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2
Q

Have collar cells

A

Porifera

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3
Q

Flagellated cells that ingest bacteria and tiny food particles

A

Collar cells

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4
Q

Sponges

A

Porifera

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5
Q

Hydras, jellies, sea anemones, corals

A

Cnidaria

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6
Q

Unique stinging structures (__________) housed in specialized cells (___________)

A

Cnidaria
Nematocysts
Cnidocytes

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7
Q

Diploblastic

A

Cnidaria

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8
Q

Radially symmetrical

A

Cnidaria

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9
Q

Digestive compartment with a single opening

A

Cnidaria
Gastrovascular cavity

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10
Q

Flatworms

A

Platyhelminthes

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11
Q

No body cavity

A

Platyhelminthes

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12
Q

Dorsoventrally flattened

A

Platyhelminthes

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13
Q

Gastrovascular cavity or no digestive tract

A

Platyhelminthes

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14
Q

What 2 Phylum ONLY have a Hemocoel?

A

Syndermata (Lophotrochozoa)
Nematoda (Ecdysozoa)

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15
Q

What 5 Phylum have Coelom?

A

Ectoprocta (Lophotrochozoa)
Brachiopoda (Lophotrochozoa)
Annelida (Lophotrochozoa)
Echinodermata (Deuterostomia)
Chordata (Deuterostomia)

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16
Q

What are the 6 Phylum of Lophotrochozoa?

A

Platyhelminthes
Syndermata
Ectoprocta
Brachiopoda
Mollusca
Annelida

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17
Q

Rotifers and Acanthocephalans

A

Syndermata

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18
Q

Digestive tube with mouth and anus

A

Alimentary canal

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19
Q

Have an alimentary canal

A

Rotifers (Syndermata)

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20
Q

Have jaws (trophi)

A

Rotifers (Syndermata)

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21
Q

Are parasites of vertebrates

A

Acanthocephalans (Syndermata)

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22
Q

Feeding structures bearing ciliated tentacles

A

Lophophores

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23
Q

Have lophophores and coelom

A

Ectoprocta and Brachiopoda

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24
Q

Clams, snails, and squid

A

Mollusca

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25
What 2 phylum have a Hemocoel and a reduced coelom
Mollusca (Lophotrochozoa) Arthropoda (Ecdysozoa)
26
What are the three main body parts of Mollusca?
Muscular foot Visceral mass Mantle
27
Most have a hard shell made of calcium carbonate
Mollusca
28
Segmented worms
Annelida
29
Coelom; body wall and internal organs are segmented
Annelida
30
Unsegmented digestive tract
Annelida
31
Roundworms
Nematoda
32
Hemocoel; cylindrical body with tapered ends
Nematoda
33
No circulatory system
Nematoda
34
Undergoes Ecdysis (molting it’s exoskeleton)
Nematoda
35
Spiders, centipedes, crustaceans, and insects
Arthropoda
36
Segmented body, jointed appendages, and exoskeleton made of protein and chitin
Arthropoda
37
Sea stars and sea urchins
Echinodermata
38
Bilaterally symmetrical larvae and 5 part body organization as adults
Echinodermata
39
Unique water vascular system; endoskeleton
Echinodermata
40
Lancelets, tunicates, vertebrates
Chordata
41
Have notochord
Chordata
42
Dorsal, hollow nerve cord; pharyngeal slits; post-anal tail
Chordata
43
Lophotrochozoa, Ecdysozoa, and Deuterostomia
Bilateria
44
Captures particles suspended in the water the passes through its body
Filter feeder
45
Central cavity of sponges
Spongocoel
46
Water flows out of sponges central cavity through the
Osculum
47
Sponge cell types
Choanocytes Amoebocytes
48
Flagellated collar cells; engulf bacteria and food particles by phagocytosis
Choanocytes
49
Gelatinous region in sponges that separates the two layers of cells in the body
Mesohyl
50
Totipotent cell within the mesohyl that digest food, transport nutrients, and make skeletal fibers
Amoebocytes
51
Sac with a central digestive compartment
Gastrovascular cavity
52
Two variations of the Cnidarian body plan
Polyp Medusa
53
Adhere to the substrate by the aboral end of the body (the opposite end of the mouth)
Polyps
54
Free-swimming form that has a bell shaped body with a mouth on the underside
Medusa
55
Tentacles are armed with ___________, unique cells used in defense to capture prey
Cnidocytes
56
Are specialized organelles within cnidocytes that eject a stinging thread
Nematocysts
57
Alternate between polyp and Medusa forms
Hydrozoans (Obelia)
58
Exists only in polyp form
Hydra
59
In flatworms, a network of tubules with ciliated structures called flame bulbs
Protonephridia
60
Used for movement
Muscular foot
61
Containing most of the internal organs
Visceral mass
62
A fold of tissue draping over the visceral mass that secretes the shell
Mantle
63
Houses the gills, anus and excretory pores
Mantle cavity
64
Scrape up food
Radula
65
Animals with a cuticle
Ecdysozoans
66
Cuticle is shed during “molting”
Ecdysis (molting)
67
2 largest of Ecdysozoans
Nematodes and arthropods
68
Used for locomotion, and as gills in Errantians
Parapodia
69
Chelicerates are named or clawlike feeding appendages called
Chelicerae
70
In most spiders, gas exchange is carried out by _________ _______, stacked plate like structures
Book lungs
71
Live as sessile colonies covered by tough exoskeletons
Bryozoans (Ectoprocts)
72
Superficially resemble clams and other molluscs; have a unique stalk anchoring them to a substrate and a lophophore
Lamp shells (Brachiopods)
73
Reduces water loss and prevents desiccation
Exoskeleton
74
Provides structural support without the buoyancy of water
Exoskeleton
75
What are the 4 major clades of Molluscs
Polyplacophora (chitons) Gastropoda (snail and slugs) Bivalvia (clams, oysters, and other bivalves) Cephalopoda (squids, octopi, cuttlefish)
76
Have no distinct head or radula
Bivalves
77
3 lineages of Arthropods
Chelicerates (sea spiders, horseshoe crabs, scorpions, ticks, mites, and spiders) Myriapods (centipedes and millipedes) Pancrustaceans (insects, lobsters, shrimp, barnacles)
78
Have poisonous claws; carnivores
Centipedes (Myriapods — Arthropods)
79
Function in touch and smell in Arthropods
Eyes, olfactory receptors, and antennae
80
Functions in gas exchange in insects
Spiracles
81
Network of hydraulic canals, in Echinoderms, branches into tube feet that function in locomotion and feeding
Water vascular system
82
Found in the mesohyl of the sponge
Amoebocytes and spicules

Biology 2 (33 decks)

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