Gram (+) Bacteria - Bacilli

Question 1

Bacillus grow in what conditions?

Answer 1

O2 - Aerobic

Question 2

Bacilli are what shape?

Answer 2

Rod shaped

Question 3

What are the spore forming Bacilli?

Answer 3

Bacillus

Clostridium

Question 4

What are the NON-spore forming Bacilli?

Answer 4

Corynebacterium

Listeria

Question 5

Clostridium grows in what conditions?

Answer 5

NO O2 - Anaerobic

Question 6

Attributes of Bacillus Cereus

Answer 6

Gram (+)
Spore forming
Aerobic rod

Question 7

Spores are ____ resistant

Answer 7

Heat

Question 8

What 2 toxins are involved with Bacillus Cereus?

Answer 8

Heat Stabile toxin

Heat Labile Toxin

Question 9

Heat stabile toxin causes what, in association with Bacillus Cereus?

Answer 9

Emetic disease - vomiting

Question 10

Heat labile toxin causes what, in association with Bacillus Cereus?

Answer 10

Diarrheal disease - watery

– Direct ingestion of bacteria

Question 11

Attributes of Bacillus Anthracis

Answer 11

Gram (+)
Encapsulated
Anaerobic spore forming rod

Question 12

Where is Bacillus Anthracis found?

Answer 12

Herbivore animal products (hides) and soil

Question 13

Symptoms of Infection with Bacillus Anthracis?

Answer 13

Cutaneous - Malignant Pustule

Inhalation - Pulmonary spores that lead to mediastinal hemorrhage and death

Question 14

What is the causative organism of antibiotic associated colitis?

Answer 14

Clostridium (Clostridiodes) Difficile

Question 15

Clostridium (Clostridiodes) Difficile virulence toxins and symptoms?

Answer 15

A - Inflammation and diarrhea

B - Toxic to colonic epithelial cells

Question 16

What are the physical findings with Clostridium (Clostridiodes) Difficile?

Answer 16

Pseudomembranous Colitis (exudative plaques)

Question 17

What is the toxin mediated by Clostridium Botulinum?

Answer 17

Neurotoxin

Question 18

Job of Neurotoxin with Clostridium Botulinum?

Answer 18

Inhibits release of Ach at the NMJ

Question 19

Adult symptoms of Clostridium Botulinum?

Answer 19

Bilateral cranial neuropathies with descending muscle weakness

Question 20

How does Clostridium Botulinum cause adult death?

Answer 20

Respiratory paralysis

Question 21

Infant symptoms of Clostridium Botulinum?

Answer 21

Constipation, trouble swallowing and muscle weakness

Question 22

What are sources of Clostridium Botulinum?

Answer 22

Canned food, smoked fish, honey, infant powder

Question 23

What is the toxin mediated by Clostridium Tetani?

Answer 23

Neurotoxin

Question 24

Job of Neurotoxin with Clostridium Tetani?

Answer 24

Inactivates Glycine and GABA

= Sustained contractions of motor neurons

Question 25

Symptoms of Clostridium Tetani?

Answer 25

Muscle spasms (risus sardonicus, opisthotonos, lock jaw) and autonomic instability

Question 26

Risus sardonicus

Answer 26

Face and neck muscle spasms | - seen with Clostridium Tetani

Question 27

Opisthotonos

Answer 27

Arching of head and spine | - seen with Clostridium Tetani

Question 28

Disease manifestations of Clostridium Perfringens

Answer 28

Wound infection Myonecrosis Purple/black skin with gas formation = Gas gangrene and crepitus

Question 29

What are 3 bacteria that are NON-spore forming Bacilli?

Answer 29

Corynebacterium Diptheriae Rhodococcus Equi Listeria Monocytogenes

Question 30

Attributes of Corynebacterium Diptheriae?

Answer 30

Gram (+) NON-spore forming Bacilli Club shaped

Question 31

Virulence factor of Corynebacterium Diptheriae?

Answer 31

AB Exotoxin

Question 32

What is a hallmark of Corynebacterium Diptheriae?

Answer 32

Pharyngitis with Pseudomembrane formation | yellow/gray exudate in throat

Question 33

What should you not do if a patient has pharyngitis with pseudomembrane formation caused by corynebacterium diptheriae?

Answer 33

DO NOT SCRAPE | -- Will cause systemic absorption of toxin

Question 34

Symptoms of systemic absorption of Corynebacterium Diptheriae?

Answer 34

Myocarditis - AV block | Neural Involvement

Question 35

Attributes of Rhodococcus Equi?

Answer 35

Gram (+) Pleomorphic NON-spore forming Bacilli Club shaped

Question 36

Symptoms of Rhodococcus Equi?

Answer 36

Cavities with air-fluid level in upper lung | Pulmonary disease in immunocompromised

Question 37

Attributes of Listeria Monocytogenes?

Answer 37

Gram (+) | NON-spore forming

Question 38

Describe the unique features of Listeria Monocytogenes

Answer 38

Grows at cooler temperatures - 4-10 degrees celsius | Flagella with tumbling motility at 25 degrees celsius

Question 39

Who is at high risk for Listeria infection?

Answer 39

Pregnant women

Question 40

Listeria Monocytogenes is found where?

Answer 40

Dairy products and meat

Question 41

Listeria symptoms of fetus?

Answer 41

Granulomatous Infantiseptica and meningitis

Question 42

Listeria symptoms of mother?

Answer 42

Sepsis

Question 43

Listeria symptoms of elderly?

Answer 43

Meningitis