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Gram (+) Bacteria - Cocci Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Catalase (+) Cocci?

A

Staphylococcus

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2
Q

Staphylococcus is ____ (+)

A

Catalase (+)

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3
Q

Catalase (-) Cocci?

A

Streptococcus/Enterococcus

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4
Q

Streptococcus/Enterococcus are _____ (-)

A

Catalase (-)

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5
Q

Catalase (+) organisms do what?

A

Reduce hydrogen peroxide and form bubbles

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6
Q

Catalase (+) and Coagulase (+) Cocci?

A

Staphylococcus Aureus

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7
Q

Catalase (+) and Coagulase (-) Cocci?

A

Staphylococcus Epidermidis

Staphylococcus Saprophyticus

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8
Q

What color is often described with Staphylococcus Aureus?

A

Golden yellow clusters

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9
Q

Respiratory condition caused by Staphylococcus Aureus that is usually after?

A

Pneumonia after a viral infection

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10
Q

Examples of skin and soft tissue conditions caused by Staphylococcus Aureus?

A 
Folliculitis
Cellulitis
Impetigo
Furuncles
Wounds and Abscesses
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11
Q

Heart condition caused by Staphylococcus Aureus?

A

Acute and Necrotizing Endocarditis

– Think IV drug users (Tricuspid valve)

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12
Q

Bone condition caused by Staphylococcus Aureus?

A

Septic Osteomyelitis

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13
Q

Staphylococcus Aureus causes what GI condition?

A

Gastroenteritis

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14
Q

Gastroenteritis from Staphylococcus Aureus is mediated by what toxin?

A

Preformed Enterotoxin

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15
Q

Staphylococcus Aureus causes what skin condition that is toxin mediated?

A

Scalded Skin Syndrome

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16
Q

Scalded Skin Syndrome from Staphylococcus Aureus is mediated by what toxin?

A

Exfoliative Toxin A and B

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17
Q

Symptoms and age group for Scalded Skin Syndrome from S. Aureus?

A

Peeling of skin

- Affects children and infants

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18
Q

Staphylococcus Aureus causes what multi-system condition that is toxin mediated?

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome

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19
Q

Toxic Shock syndrome from Staphylococcus Aureus is mediated by what toxin?

A

TSST-1

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20
Q

Symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome from S. Aureus?

A

Fever, nausea, watery diarrhea
Peeling of PALMS and SOLES
Shock, hypotension, death

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21
Q

Staphylococcus Epidermidis is catalase ___ and coagulase ___

A

Catalase (+)

Coagulase (-)

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22
Q

Virulence factor of Staphylococcus Epidermidis?

A

Biofilms

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23
Q

What does Staphylococcus Epidermidis often affect?

A

Prosthetic components
Catheters
Heart valves

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24
Q

Staphylococcus Epidermidis can cause?

A

Subacute Endocarditis and frequent contamination of blood cultures

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25
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus is catalase ___ and coagulase ___
Catalase (+) | Coagulase (-)
26
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus is a common cause of?
Community acquired UTI
27
Streptococcus/Enterococcus are catalase __
(-)
28
Streptococcus groups that do Complete Hemolysis (beta)?
Streptococcus Pyogenes | Streptococcus Agalactiae
29
Streptococcus groups that do Partial Hemolysis (alpha)?
Streptococcus Pneumoniae | Viridans Streptococcus
30
Attributes of Streptococcus Pyogenes?
Beta Hemolytic Group A Gram (+) bacteria Catalase (-)
31
Virulence factor of Streptococcus Pyogenes and its action?
Protein M | = Inhibits complement activation
32
What bacteria causes Streptococcal Pharyngitis?
Streptococcus Pyogenes
33
Symptoms of Streptococcal Pharyngitis?
Fever Lymphadenopathy Exudate and purulent infection of palatine tonsils
34
Scarlet fever is caused by what bacteria?
Streptococcus Pyogenes
35
Scarlet Fever is caused by what toxin from Streptococcus Pyogenes?
Pyrogenic Exotoxin
36
Symptoms and common age group for Scarlet Fever mediated by Pyrogenic Exotoxin from Streptococcus Pyogenes?
School age children | = Red, Sandpaper rash on TRUNK AND NECK ONLY, Strawberry tongue!
37
What bacteria causes Erysipelas?
Streptococcus Pyogenes
38
Symptoms and common age group for Erysipelas from Streptococcus Pyogenes?
60-80 year olds | = Warm, sunburn appearance of the FACE
39
What bacteria causes Necrotizing Faciitis?
Streptococcus Pyogenes
40
Symptoms of Necrotizing Faciitis from Streptococcus Pyogenes?
Purple discoloration and painful
41
Staphylococcus Aureus and Streptococcus Pyogenes can both cause what?
Impetigo | Cellulitis
42
What often follows a Streptococcus Pharyngitis case?
Rheumatic Fever | - Caused by Streptococcus Pyogenes
43
Rheumatic Fever has antibodies and CD4+ T cells against?
M protein
44
Symptoms of Rheumatic Fever?
``` Fever Large Joints Mitral Valvulitis Sydenham Chorea Subcutaneous Nodules Erythema Marginatum ```
45
Sydenham Chorea
Asymmetric jerking, hopping gait and grimacing | - Seen with Rheumatic Fever
46
Erythema Marginatum
Ring shaped rash | - Seen with Rheumatic Fever
47
What causes Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis?
Streptococcus Pharyngitis or a skin infection | - From streptococcus pyogenes
48
What gets deposited where with Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis?
Antigen-Antibody complex in the glomerular basement membrane
49
Symptoms and age group for Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis?
Children | = Edema, hypertension, hematuria and proteinuria
50
With Rheumatic Fever and Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis, what are the (+) tests?
Antibodies to Streptolysin O and DNase B
51
Attributes of Streptococcus Agalactiae
Beta Hemolytic Group B Gram (+) Catalase (-)
52
Where does Streptococcus Agalactiae colonize?
Vagina
53
Streptococcus Agalactiae colonizes the vagina and can affect babies in utero. What does it cause?
Neonatal Meningitis Sepsis Pneumonia
54
Attributes and tests of Streptococcus Pneumoniae?
``` Alpha hemolytic Quellung Reaction (+) and Optochin Sensitive ```
55
What bacteria is the MOST COMMON CAUSE of community acquired pneumonia and meningitis in children?
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
56
Virulence factor of Streptococcus Pneumoniae?
IgA protease
57
Streptococcus Pneumoniae causes what respiratory condition?
Pneumococcal Pneumoniae
58
Symptoms of Pneumococcal Pneumoniae?
Lung Consolidation | Fever, cough, shortness of breath, chest pain
59
Streptococcus Pneumoniae causes what neuro condition?
Meningitis
60
Triad of symptoms of Meningitis?
Fever > 100.4 Nuchal Rigidity Mental Status changes
61
What bacteria can cause Otitis Media?
Streptococcal Pneumoniae
62
Symptoms and common age group for Otitis Media?
Children 6-24 months old | = Ear pain, pulling at ear, hearing loss, drainage
63
3 most common bacterias that can cause Otitis Media?
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Haemophilus Influenzae Moraxella Catarrhalis
64
Job of the spleen?
Opsonize and clear bacteria
65
Encapsulated bacteria can cause ____ disease in ASPLENIC patients
Severe
66
3 most common encapsulated bacteria that can cause severe disease in ASPLENIC patients?
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Haemophilus Influenzae Neisseris Meningitis
67
Attributes of Viridans Group Streptococci
Alpha Hemolytic - greenish hemolysis Gram (+) Catalase (-)
68
Diseases caused by Viridans Group Streptococci?
Dental Cavities | Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
69
Pathogenesis of this organism is similar to HACEK organisms?
Viridans Group Streptococci
70
Attributes of Enterococci Group D
Gamma Hemolytic Grows on bile and is 6.5% NaCl Normal Bowel Flora
71
Infections caused by Enterococci Group D?
Wound infections UTIs Biliary tract infections
72
Attributes of Group D Non-Enterococci?
Grows on bile and IS NOT 6.5% NaCl
73
Main member of Group D Non-Enterococci?
Streptococcus Bovis
74
Streptococcus Bovis is a member of what group and causes what?
Group D Non-Enterococci | = Colon cancer
75
What is a common bacterial cause of colon cancer?
Streptococcus Bovis | - Group D Non-Enterococci bacteria

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