Harvluck B8 W5

Question 1

Insulin like growth factor 1

Answer 1

Produced due to action of growth hormone on the liver

Question 2

Thyroid hormones on the heart

Answer 2

Increased heart rate, force of contraction and peripheral vasodialtion

Question 3

Inhibits growth hormone

Answer 3

Somatostatin

Question 4

Most common cause of hypothyroidism

Answer 4

Hashimoto’s disease which targets thyroid peroxidase

Question 5

Signs of Graves’ disease

Answer 5

Tremor, tacychardia, exophthalmos

Question 6

Test for Cushing’s disease

Answer 6

High cortisol due to pituitary gland- dexamethasone suppression test for ACTH

Question 7

Fatigue, Cold intolerance, Depression, Poor concentration, Musculoskeletal aches and pains, Carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 7

Symptoms of hypothyroidism

Question 8

Inferior thyroid vein

Answer 8

Drains into brachiocephalic vein

Question 9

Forms outer layer of pharyngeal arch

Answer 9

Ectoderm

Question 10

Thyroid hormones on GI

Answer 10

Increases appetite, gastric motility and secretion of enzymes

Question 11

Where hromones are produced and stored in the thyroid gland?

Answer 11

Colloid

Question 12

Thyroid hormone receptor

Answer 12

Nuclear

Question 13

Beginning of embryological thyroid hormone development

Answer 13

Foramen caecum to end at thyrohyoid membrane and isthmus

Question 14

Location of calcium homeostasis

Answer 14

Parathyroid gland- produces parathyroid hormone.
Thyroid gland- produces calcitonin from c cells

Question 15

Calcitonin

Answer 15

Produced by C cells in the thyroid gland when calcium levels are high. Inhibits osteoclast and renal Ca/pohpsohate absorption, stimulate osteoblast.

Question 16

Origin of posterior pituitary

Answer 16

Neuroectoderm of diencephalon

Question 17

Protein for transporting thyroid hormone

Answer 17

Thyroxine binding globulin

Question 18

Muscles of second pharyngeal arch

Answer 18

Muscles of facial expression, digastric and stylohyoid

Question 19

Common cause of hyperthyroidism

Answer 19

Autoimmune disease

Question 20

hair that is dry, coarse and sparse, lateral eyebrow thinning, periorbital oedema, puffy and dull face with dry skin

Answer 20

Symptoms of hypothyroidism

Question 21

Peroxidase

Answer 21

Converts tyorisine with iodine to form T3 and

Question 22

Weight loss, Lack of energy, Heat intolerance, Anxiety, irritability, Increased swelling, Increased appetite, Thirst, Palpitations, Pruritus, Weight gain, Looseness of bowels, Anorexia

Answer 22

Symptoms of GRaves Disease

Question 23

Thyroid veins that drain into the internal jugular vein

Answer 23

Superior and middle thyroid vein

Question 24

Dyshormonogenesis

Answer 24

Inherited disorder of thyorid hormone synthesis- primary hypothyroidism

Question 25

Form cartilage, muscle, nerves and arteries.

Answer 25

Mesoderm

Question 26

Cushing disease

Answer 26

Excess cortisol due to issue with pituitary

Question 27

Thyroidotropohs

Answer 27

Basophils in the adrenohypophysis and produce TSH

Question 28

Pharyngeal pouch for palatine tonsils

Answer 28

2nd

Question 29

Germ layer for anterior pituitary gland

Answer 29

Oral ectoderm

Question 30

Venous drainage of pituitary gland

Answer 30

Cavernosus sinus

Question 31

Blood supply to parathyroid glands

Answer 31

Mainly inferior thyroid arteries

Question 32

Basophils in adrenohypophysis

Answer 32

Gonadotrophs

Question 33

Supporting cells of neurophypohysis

Answer 33

Pituicytes

Question 34

Thionamides

Answer 34

Inhibit iodide oxidation

Question 35

Test for secondary adrenal insufficeincy

Answer 35

Insulin stress test

Question 36

Area in pharynx where thyroid forms

Answer 36

Thyroid primordium

Question 37

Parafollicular cells

Answer 37

Located in thyroid gland and produce calcitonin

Question 38

Thyrocervical trunk

Answer 38

Branch of the subclavian artery which gives rise to the inferior thyroid artery

Question 39

ADH analogue

Answer 39

Desmopressin

Question 40

Superior parathyroid and parafollicular

Answer 40

4th pharyngeal pouch

Question 41

Respiratory effect of thyroid hormone

Answer 41

Lung development, surfactant production

Question 42

Alleviates symptoms of hyperthyroidism

Answer 42

Beta blockers

Question 43

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 43

Osteoporosis risk due to excess calcitonin production

Question 44

Oxyphil cells

Answer 44

Unknown function in the thyroid gland

Question 45

CNS effect of thyroid hormones

Answer 45

Nerve myelination, brain development, intellectual development

Question 46

Bromocriptine

Answer 46

Dopamine receptor agonist for hyperprolactinemia and acrolegame. Causes hypertension and cause halluicnations

Question 47

Primary excess

Answer 47

Cortisol increase, ACTH and CRH decrease

Question 48

Secondary excess

Answer 48

Cortisol and ACTH increase and CRH decrease

Question 49

Adrenal insufficiency test

Answer 49

Synacthen test

Question 50

Secondary deficiency

Answer 50

Cortisol and ACTH decrease, CRH increase

Question 51

Anabolic steroids

Answer 51

Synthetic substance similar to testosterone. Causes decrease in FSH and LH and increase in oestrogen/testosterone.

Question 52

Autoimmune thyroditis

Answer 52

Hashimoto's diseaase

Question 53

Blood supply to the thyroid gland which is a branch of the external carotid artery

Answer 53

Superior thyroid artery

Question 54

Function of dopamine

Answer 54

Feeding, circadian rhythm, endocrine regulation limbic system interaction

Question 55

Steroid excess

Answer 55

CRH, ACTH and cortisol decrease

Question 56

Chromophils

Answer 56

Cells stained in the adrenohypophysis

Question 57

Parathyroid hormone

Answer 57

Secreted from chief cells in the parathyroid gland