Harvluck Block 6 W2 unknown

Question 1

Anti-depressants

Answer 1

Tri-cyclics, SSRIs, SNRIs and MAO inhibitors

Question 2

Tri-Cyclics

Answer 2

Prevent reuptake of noradrenaline and serotonin

Question 3

Insight

Answer 3

Type of learning which is reflective and forming concepts

Question 4

Respondent learning

Answer 4

Classical conditioning

Question 5

Learning associated with phobia

Answer 5

Classical conditioning

Question 6

Instrumental learning

Answer 6

Operant conditioning

Question 7

Shaping

Answer 7

Guiding a person towards certain behaviours through operant conditioning

Question 8

What is the removal of an adversive stimuli after a behaviour stimuli?

Answer 8

Negative reinforcement

Question 9

Beck’s cognitive triad

Answer 9

The world is hopeless, future is bad, I am worthless

Question 10

Which type of receptor is found between pre and post ganglionic autonomic nerves?

Answer 10

Nicotinic receptors

Question 11

Which type of receptor is found between post ganglionic and effector autonomic nerves?

Answer 11

Muscarinic receptors

Question 12

Does vagus nerve affect blood vessels?

Answer 12

No- it targets the organs

Question 13

Which part of the nervous system is vasomotor?

Answer 13

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 14

Which nerves convey information about the stomach to the brain?

Answer 14

Vagus

Question 15

What are the type of pre-ganglionic fibres in the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 15

Myelinated B fibres

Question 16

Type of post-ganglionic fibres in the ANS?

Answer 16

Unmyelinated C fibres

Question 17

What supplies the foregut?

Answer 17

Greatest splanchnic nerve

Question 18

What supplies the midgut?

Answer 18

Lesser splanchnic nerve

Question 19

What supplies the hindgut?

Answer 19

Least splanchnic nerve

Question 20

Lesser splanchnic nerve

Answer 20

Supplies the hindgut and the abdomen walls and the chromaffin cells and bladder and genitals

Question 21

Which neurons release Nitric oxide?

Answer 21

Nitroxidergic post ganglionic neurons

Question 22

Horner’s syndrome

Answer 22

When there is sympathetic denervation and leads to ptosis and dry mouth.

Question 23

Pre-ganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic system

Answer 23

S2, S3 and S4

Question 24

Which muscarinic receptor causes gastric secretion?

Answer 24

M3

Question 25

Which muscarinic receptor is associated with the eye muscles?

Answer 25

M1

Question 26

Which muscarinic receptor is found in the lacrimal for secretion?

Answer 26

M1

Question 27

Which muscarinic receptor causes secretion of parietal cells?

Answer 27

M3

Question 28

What is a pre-synaptic toxin?

Answer 28

Toxins which prevent exocytosis of vesicles such as botulinum.

Question 29

Muscarinic agonists

Answer 29

Depolarising blocking agents

Question 30

How does acetylcholine move back into the pre-synaptic cell?

Answer 30

Rate limiting step- via transporters

Question 31

Aging

Answer 31

Adding water

Question 32

What receptors are present in the adrenal medulla?

Answer 32

Nicotinic receptors

Question 33

Which adrenergic receptor decreases cAMP?

Answer 33

Alpha 2

Question 34

Which substrates rely on noradrenaline extraneuronal transport?

Answer 34

Dopamine, histamine and serotonin.

Question 35

What are the effects of MAO non selective inhibitors?

Answer 35

Hypertension, liver toxicity and hemhorrage

Question 36

Which drug is used for phaemochromocytoma?

Answer 36

Non selective irreversible alpha adrenergic antagonist Pheoxybenzamine-leads to hypotension and tacycardia

Question 37

Which neurotransmitter targets alpha adrenergic receptors?

Answer 37

Noradrenaline

Question 38

Which neurotransmitter targets beta-adrenergic receptors?

Answer 38

Isoprenaline and adrenaline

Question 39

What is the effect of isoprenaline?

Answer 39

Reduces Heart rate and arterial pressure

Question 40

What is the effect of noradrenaline?

Answer 40

Vasoconstriction, Dilation of pupils and bronchioles, Reduced peristalsis, increased heart rate and increased kidney-renin secretion

Question 41

What is the effect of adrenaline?

Answer 41

Dilation of pupils, Vasodilation, sweat