Flashcards in Helminth Deck (25):
1
What are roundworms, tapeworms, flukes called?
roundworms-nematodes
tapeworms-cestodes
flukes-trematodes
2
What are the nematodes that are transmitted fecal-oral?
EAT
Enterobius
Ascaris
Trichinella
3
What are the nematodes that are transmitted thru the feet/skin?
SANd
Strongyloides
Ancylostoma
Necator
4
What is the med used to treat roundworm/nematode infections?
bendazoles
pyrantel pamoate
5
What are the important things to know about enterobius vermicularis?
nematode/roundworm
pinworm
fecal-oral
anal pruritis
see e.g. on the tape test
6
What are the important things to know about ascaris lumbricoides?
nematode/roundworm
giant roundworm
fecal-oral
eggs visible in feces
can cause intestinal obstruction
goes thru lungs-->Loffler Eosinophilic Pneumonitis
7
What are the important things to know about trichinella spirals?
nematode/roundworm
fecal-oral
eat undercooked meat-pork & it goes into your meat/muscles!
goes into striated muscles, can see cysts
Trichinosis: N/V, fever, periorbital edema, myalgia
8
What are the important things to know about strongyloides stercoralis?
nematode/roundworm
penetrate feet thru skin
like a peptic ulcer-epigastric pain, diarrhea, vomiting
9
What are the important things to know about ancylostoma and necator infections?
nematode/roundworm
hookworms
penetrate skin of foot
hook onto intestines and suck blood from walls
10
What's the deal with wuchereria bancrofti?
nematode
but not involved in GI
involved in lymph-causes elephantiasis or hydrocele
spread by female mosquito
treat w/ diethylcarbamazine
11
What's the deal with onchocerca volvulus?
female blackfly bite
black flies, black skin nodules, black sight
hyper pigmented skin
river blindness
use ivermectin
12
What's the deal with loa loa?
swelling in skin, worm in conjunctiva
spread by deer fly, horse fly, mango fly
treat w/ diethylcarbamazine
13
What's the deal with toxocarna canis?
fecal-oral
visceral larva migrans
treated w/ bendazoles
14
What are the cestodes/tapeworms?
Taenia Solium
Diphyllobothrium latum
Echinococcus Granulosus
15
What are the cestodes/tapeworms treated with?
praziquantel
16
What are the important things to know about taenia solum?
ingest larvae in undercooked pork-->intestinal infection
OR ingest eggs-->cysticercosis (muscles, myositis) OR neurocysticercosis
17
You have an immigrant who has new onset CNS symptoms?
neurocysticercosis
18
What are the important things to know about diphyllobothrium latum?
eat larvae from raw freshwater fish
get VitB12 deficiency-->megaloblastic anemia
19
What are the important things to know about echinococcus granulosus?
dog tapeworm
eat eggs from dog feces
hyatid cysts in liver
can get anaphylaxis if contents released
20
What are the trematodes/flukes?
Schistosoma: mansoni, hematobium
Clonorchis sinensis
21
What are the important things to know about schistosoma?
snails are host
cercariae penetrate skin
associated w/ swimmer's itch
S. mansoni: LIVER and SPLEEN enlarge. Invades mesenteric vessels. It has a lateral spine.
S. hematobium: URINARY TRACT. squamous cell carcinoma of bladder. hematuria. Egg has terminal spine.
22
What are the important things to know about clonorchis sinensis?
comes from undercooked fish
liver fluke!
biliary tract inflammation-->pigmented gallstones
associated w/ cholangiosarcoma
23
What are the important things to know about paragonimus westermani?
adult fluke in lung
chronic bronchitis
hemoptysis
**praziquantel
24
Egyptian immigrant w/ hematuria?
squamous cell carcinoma
schistosoma hematobium
25