Intro to forensics

Question 0

Eyewitness

Answer 0

A person who has seen someone or something and can communicate those facts

Question 1

Analytical skills

Answer 1

The ability to identify a concept or problem

Question 2

Forensic

Answer 2

The application of scientific knowledge to legal questions

Question 3

Observation

Answer 3

What a person perceives using his or her senses

Question 4

Perception

Answer 4

Interpreting information received from the senses

Question 5

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 5

Deriving the consequences from the facts by using a series of logical steps

Question 6

Deriving

Answer 6

Reasoning

Question 7

Fact

Answer 7

A statement or assertion of information that can be verified

Question 8

Logical

Answer 8

Conclusions drawn from assumptions and known facts

Question 9

Opinion

Answer 9

Personal belief founded on judgement rather then on direct experience or knowledge

Question 10

Rule of Admissibility of Evidence

Answer 10

If the evidence can be used in court or not

Question 11

Chain of Custody

Answer 11

A list of all people who came into contact with an item of evidence

Question 12

Class Characteristics

Answer 12

Properties of evidence that can be associated only with a group and never a single source

Question 13

Frye standard

Answer 13

Rule of admissibility of evidence, procedure and equipment presented at trial must be generally accepted by the scientific community

Question 14

Individual Characteristics

Answer 14

Properties of evidence that can be attributed to a common source with an extremely high degree of credibility

Question 15

Locards exchange principle

Answer 15

when 2 objects come into contact with one another a cross transfer of material occurs

Question 16

Cross transferring

Answer 16

Where you transfer materials between objects

Question 17

Physical Evidence

Answer 17

Any object that can establish a crime has been committed or can link a suspect to a victim or a crime scene

Question 18

Reference sample

Answer 18

A sample from a known source used for comparison, also known as exemplar

Question 19

Scientific method

Answer 19

A series of logical steps to ensure careful and systematic collection, identification, organization and analysis of information

Question 20

Soil examination (1 word definition)

Answer 20

Dirt

Question 21

Ballistics (1 word definition)

Answer 21

Bullets

Question 22

Document Examination (1 word definition)

Answer 22

Documents

Question 23

DNA Analysis (example hint S and U)

Answer 23

Saliva and urine

Question 24

Toxicology (1 word definition)

Answer 24

Poison

Question 25

Latent fingerprinting (1 word definition)

Answer 25

Fingerprinting

Question 26

Glass analysis (1 word definition)

Answer 26

Glass

Question 27

Hair and Fiber (2 word definition)

Answer 27

Hair and clothing

Question 28

Blood Spatter (1 word definition)

Answer 28

Spatter

Question 29

Serology (1 word definition)

Answer 29

Blood

Question 30

Entomology (1 word definition)

Answer 30

Bugs

Question 31

Casts and Impressions (1 word definition)

Answer 31

Impressions

Question 32

Odontology (1 word definition)

Answer 32

Teeth

Question 33

Cyber Crimes (1 word definition)

Answer 33

Computer

Question 34

Arson (1 word definition)

Answer 34

Fire

Question 35

Pathology (1 word definition)

Answer 35

Autopsy

Question 36

Mathieu Orfila

Answer 36

Father of toxicology

Question 37

Alphonse Bertillon

Answer 37

Invented a body measurement system

Question 38

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Answer 38

Invented Sherlock Holmes

Question 39

Hans Gross

Answer 39

Criminalistics

Question 40

Francis Galton

Answer 40

Realized finger printing could be used

Question 41

Sir Edward Richard Henry

Answer 41

Classified finger printing

Question 42

Karl Landsteiner

Answer 42

Came up with different blood types

Question 43

FBI

Answer 43

Largest forensic science lab in the world

Question 44

Edmond Locard

Answer 44

Principle which has to do with cross transferring

Question 45

Albert Osborne

Answer 45

Wrote Questions document

Question 46

Leone Lattes

Answer 46

He typed blood for DRY stains

Question 47

Calvin Goddard

Answer 47

Ballistics and comparison microscope

Question 48

Frye v U.S.

Answer 48

Frye Standard

Question 49

Rosalind Franklin

Answer 49

CAME UP with the structure of DNA

Question 50

Watson and Crick

Answer 50

BUILT the DNA structure

Question 51

Alec Jeffreys

Answer 51

DNA fingerprinting

Question 52

Daubert v Merrell Dow

Answer 52

Trial judge ended up having the power to decide if expert testimony was admissible

Question 53

What is the major difference between a field forensic scientist and a crime lab forensic scientist

Answer 53

Field scientist secures the crime scene | Crime forensic scientist receives or signs for evidence

Question 54

Discovery ( the discovery in the trial process)

Answer 54

Both sides has to share their information

Question 55

What are the 4 pretrial steps? (SADP)

Answer 55

Suspect arrested Arraignment Discovery Preliminary hearing

Question 56

What other route can the trial process go when it gets to discovery (PCS)

Answer 56

Plea deal offer accepted Conviction Sentencing

Question 57

Post trial process (JACAS)

Answer 57

``` Jury deliberation Acquittal Conviction Appeals Process Sentencing ```

Question 58

In what year was the US constitution signed

Answer 58

1787

Question 59

Which amendment provides the right to trial by a jury of peers for criminal case?

Answer 59

6th amendment

Question 60

Which amendment protects people against unreasonable search and seizure of their person and property?

Answer 60

4th Amendment

Question 61

When will a judge issue a search warrant or arrest warrant?

Answer 61

Probable cause

Question 62

What 3 things allow law enforcement to search or make an arrest without a warrant?

Answer 62

- person gives consent - immediate danger - immediate risk of evidence being destroyed

Question 63

Arraignment

Answer 63

Pretrial conference between the prosecution and defense

Question 64

In what type of cases is bail usually not offered

Answer 64

Capital murder

Question 65

During what phase is a plea deal offered?

Answer 65

Discovery

Question 66

What does reaching a unanimous verdict mean?

Answer 66

Everyone agrees on the verdict

Question 67

When does the appeals process take place

Answer 67

After conviction

Question 68

What type of evidence can be used?

Answer 68

No new evidence can be used, same evidence as the last trial