BROAD-SPECTRUM (THIRD- & FOURTH-GENERATION) CEPHALOSPORINS

Question 1

What is the brand name of Cefdinir?

Answer 1

Omnicef

Cefdinir is an antibiotic used to treat various infections.

Question 2

What is Cefditoren commonly known as?

Answer 2

Spectracef

Cefditoren is a cephalosporin antibiotic effective against certain bacterial infections.

Question 3

Cefepime is marketed under which brand name?

Answer 3

Maxipime

Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.

Question 4

What is the generic name for Suprax?

Answer 4

Cefixime

Cefixime is used to treat infections caused by bacteria.

Question 5

Cefotaxime is known by which brand name?

Answer 5

Claforan

Cefotaxime is often used in serious infections where other treatments may not be effective.

Question 6

Cefpodoxime proxetil is marketed as what?

Answer 6

Vantin

Cefpodoxime proxetil is a prodrug of cefpodoxime, effective against various bacteria.

Question 7

What are the brand names associated with Ceftazidime?

Answer 7

generic, Fortaz, Tazidime

Ceftazidime is particularly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Question 8

Ceftibuten is known by which brand name?

Answer 8

Cedax

Ceftibuten is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic.

Question 9

What is the brand name for Ceftizoxime?

Answer 9

Cefizox

Ceftizoxime is effective against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Question 10

Ceftriaxone is marketed under which brand name?

Answer 10

Rocephin

Ceftriaxone is widely used for treating severe infections and is given via injection.

Question 11

What are third and fourth-generation cephalosporins?

Answer 11

Broad-spectrum antibiotics with varying activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Question 12

What is the primary advantage of third-generation cephalosporins?

Answer 12

Increased activity against Gram-negative bacteria.

Question 13

Name three examples of third-generation cephalosporins.

Answer 13

• Cefotaxime
• Ceftriaxone
• Ceftazidime

Question 14

What infections are third-generation cephalosporins commonly used to treat?

Answer 14

• Pneumonia
• Meningitis
• Urinary tract infections

Question 15

What is a key feature of fourth-generation cephalosporins?

Answer 15

Improved activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

Question 16

Name two examples of fourth-generation cephalosporins.

Answer 16

• Cefepime
• Ceftolozan (combined with tazobactam)

Question 17

What types of infections are fourth-generation cephalosporins used to treat?

Answer 17

• Infections caused by Gram-negative bacilli
• Complicated urinary tract infections
• Ventilator-associated pneumonia

Question 18

True or False: Fourth-generation cephalosporins are less stable against beta-lactamases compared to third-generation cephalosporins.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Fill in the blank: Fourth-generation cephalosporins are zwitterions, allowing them to penetrate the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria more _______.

Answer 19

readily

Question 20

What is the significance of beta-lactamase resistance in fourth-generation cephalosporins?

Answer 20

They are more stable against enzymes that can inactivate some antibiotics.

Question 21

What Gram-negative bacteria show increased coverage with third-generation cephalosporins?

Answer 21

• Haemophilus influenzae
• Enterobacterales
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 22

How do fourth-generation cephalosporins compare to third-generation cephalosporins in terms of Gram-positive activity?

Answer 22

They generally have improved activity against Gram-positive bacteria.