Chapter 1.1 History of Human Anatomy Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 1.1 History of Human Anatomy Deck (27)
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1
Q

For several centuries, the main centers of the scientific world were in what places?

A

Ancient Greece and Egypt

2
Q

Who developed a medical practice based on observations and studies of the human body

A

The greek physician Hippocrates

3
Q

This is called the “Father of Medicine”

A

Hippocrates

4
Q

The ancient Egyptians developed specialized knowledge in some areas of human anatomy, which they applied to what

A

To efforts to mummify their deceased leaders

5
Q

In Alexandria, Egypt, one of the great anatomy teachers in 300 bc was

A

Herophilus,

6
Q

Herophilus is

A

A Greek scientist who was the first to publicly dissect and compare human and animal bodies

7
Q

Many of the early descriptions of anatomic structures were a result of whose efforts?

A

Herophilus

8
Q

Why is Herophilus known as the “Father of Anatomy”?

A

Because he based his conclusions (such as that blood vessels carry blood) on human dissection

9
Q

The work of Herophilus greatly influenced who

A

Galen of Pergamum

10
Q

Dubbed the “Prince of Physicians”

A

Galen of Pergamum

11
Q

Why is Galen of Pergamum dubbed the “Prince of Physicians”?

A

Because he stressed the importance of experimentation in medicine

12
Q

Wrote many treaties, including On the movement of the chest and of the lung, On anatomical procedure, and On the uses of the parts of the body of man

A

Galen

13
Q

After 1200 ad Galen’s treatises began to be translated from what into what

A

Arabic into Latin

14
Q

Where was the first European medical school established

A

In the mid-1200’s in italy at Salerno

15
Q

Where were human bodies dissected in public?

A

At the European medical school in Italy at Salerno

16
Q

What was invented in the mid-1400’s that provided a means for disseminating anatomic information on a larger scale?

A

Movable type and copperplate engraving were invented

17
Q

Illustrations became a way of what

A

Recording anatomic findings and passing on that knowledge

18
Q

Leonardo Da Vinci began his study of the human body around when?

A

1500

19
Q

Considered one of the greatest anatomists and biological investigators of all time

A

Leonardo Da Vinci

20
Q

When did Da Vinci become fascinated with the human body?

A

When he performed dissections to improve his drawing and painting techniques

21
Q

In the mid-1500’s, Andreas Vesalius, a Belgian physician and anatomist, began what movement

A

A movement in medicine and anatomy that was characterized by “refined observations.”

22
Q

Who organized the medical school classroom in a way that brought students close to the operating table?

A

Andreas Vesalius

23
Q

Whose dissections of the human body and descriptions of his findings helped correct misconceptions that had existed for 200 years

A

Andreas Vesalius

24
Q

Vesalius was called the

A

Reformer of Anatomy because he promoted the idea of “living anatomy”

25
Q

Whose was the first anatomically accurate medical textbook and the fine engravings in the book were produced from their personal sketches

A

Andreas Vesalius, his text De Humani Corporis

26
Q

Who was William Harvey

A

He was an Englishman who studied medicine at the Universtiy of Padua in Italy in the early 1600s,

27
Q

What year did William Harvey publish his book entitled An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and of the Blood in Animals?

A

1628