Egypt Questions

Question 1

2 sections of Egypt and location?

Answer 1

Upper (south) and lower (north) Egypt

Question 2

Who is manetho and what is his list?

Answer 2

Manetho - Egyptian priest and historian

Made chronological list of rulers

Question 3

Ra is god of…

Answer 3

Sun

Question 4

Nenes headdress

Answer 4

Striped blue and linen head cloth having cobra and vulture at front used as royal headdress

Question 5

What does white crown represent and what does it look like?

Answer 5

Plain, knobbed top. Upper Egypt

Question 6

What about the red crown?

Answer 6

Has that loopy thing

Lower Egypt

Question 7

Double crown?

Answer 7

Unified Egypt.

Has both knob and swirly thing.

Question 8

What does falcon represent?

Answer 8

Horus

Question 9

When did the early dynastic period exist?

Answer 9

2950-2575 bce

Question 10

Describe the side of the narmer palette where he is wearing the white crown.

Answer 10

Narmer - first king
His name appears on top, sides by bull men. (Hathor)
Carved in low relief
Hieratic scale - narmer bigger
Narmer wears white crown and bulls tail (strength)
Attendant behind him holding sandals
Bashes enemy with club. Horus stands above foe holding rope tied around neck of man whose head is attached to block of sprouting papyrus
Below narmers feet lay 2 defeated enemies

Question 11

What did papyrus represent?

Answer 11

Lower Egypt

Question 12

Describe the side of the narmer palette where he is wearing the red crown.

Answer 12

Narmer marches behind his minister of state and 4 men carrying standards that may symbolize different regions of country.
In front, under Horus, lie two row of decapitated bodies, heads between their legs
In center, elongated necks of two feline creatures form palette, each held on a leash by attendant.
Intertwined necks may symbolize union of Two Lands.
At bottom, bull(king) menaces fallen for outside fortress gates

Question 13

Who was Imhotep?

Answer 13

Designer of djoser’s tomb complex - earliest known monumental architecture in Egypt.

Question 14

When was the old kingdom?

Answer 14

2575 - 2150 bce

Question 15

What were the progression of tombs?

Answer 15

Mastaba, stepped pyramid, pyramid

Question 16

What did slanted pyramid sides symbolize?

Answer 16

Rays of sun

Question 17

What are the names of the great pyramids (left to right) and size and what kingdom are they from?

Answer 17

Menkaure, khafre, Khufu
(Smallest > largest)
Old kingdom

Question 18

What was the valley temple of khafre made of?

Answer 18

Limestone and red granite

Question 19

Describe statue of khafre.

Answer 19

4th dynasty - anorthosite gneiss
Sitting erect on elegant but simple throne.
Horus perches on back of throne, protectively holding kings head with wings.
Lions (regal authority) form thrones legs
Intertwined lotus and papyrus beneath seat symbolize power over upper and lower

Question 20

What is symbol of upper Egypt?

Answer 20

Lotus

Question 21

Describe menkaure and a queen.

Answer 21

4th dynasty - graywacke with traces of red and black paint
Separate, but close in size. Joined by stone in back.
Queen’s embrace - right hand comes from behind onto ribs.
King is athletic, youthful. Wears only kilt and head cloth.
Strides with left foot forward.
Polish never finished probably because king died

Question 22

Describe Pepy II and his mother

Answer 22

6th dynasty - old kingdom
Pepy is small but wears head cloth and kilt and seated on mothers lap
Inscriptions on side
Queen wears headdress “mother of upper and loyal Egypt”
Queen’s arms and legs are free from stone block throne

Question 23

Describe the seated scribe.

Answer 23

5th dynasty
Round head and face, alert expression, cropped hair
Sits holding papyrus scroll and pen
Pupils are off center - illusion of motion
Fat is good because means no work

Question 24

Describe ti and the hippopotamus hunt

Answer 24

5th dynasty-old kingdom-painted limestone
River as if seen from above - band of parallel lines under boats.
Creatures in river in profile
Boats stand on top of river
Ti in twisted perspective while hunters in more natural positions
Top - background

Question 25

What did hippos symbolize?

Answer 25

Seth - god of darkness | Because hippos destroyed crops therefore bad

Question 26

When was the Middle Kingdom?

Answer 26

1975 - 1640 bce

Question 27

Describe head of sensuret III

Answer 27

12th dynasty-middle Portrait statue - reflect wise man, but lonely, saddened, and burdened by weight of responsibilities Drooping eyelids, sunken eyes, sagging cheeks

Question 28

Describe pectoral of senusret II

Answer 28

12th-gold 2 Horus falcons at base with coiled cobras on top wearing ankh Rope forms cartouche. Scarab beetle below. Below that, kneeling male figure helps falcons support double arch of notched palm ribs (millions of years) "May the sun god gave eternal life to senusret II"

Question 29

Describe faïence hippo.

Answer 29

12th | Watery blue, painted lotus blossoms to give impression of standing amongst aquatic plants

Question 30

Describe stele of amenemhat I

Answer 30

12th - painted limestone Funeral stele. Table with food watches by woman (hapi) Family sits on lion legged bench and all wear green jewelry and white linen garments King(right) and son clasp hands while iyi holds shoulder of son

Question 31

Describe Hatshepsut enthroned

Answer 31

She wears royal garments of men (kilt, beard, headdress, bull's tail)

Question 32

Describe Hatshepsut's temple at deir el-bahri

Answer 32

Her funerary temple Structure was not tomb, but temple. On cliffs, follows axial plan. Raises causeway leads to first open court. Then ramp to pools of water. Imposes image of authority with alternating open garden spaces and grandiose architectural forms.

Question 33

Describe Akhenaten and his family

Answer 33

Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and 3 daughters Shows new openness and figural style Done in sunken relief Parents sit in cushioned thrones Queens throne has plant of unified Egypt (nefi might have been coruler) They receive blessings of stem (sun) which is holding ankhs to their nose - giving breath of life Conveys engaging behavior of children and loving concern of parents

Question 34

Describe queen tiy

Answer 34

18th Akhenaten's mother Personality emerges from exquisite bone structure of dark skinned face, arched brows, uptilted eyes, slightly pouting lips Brown cap covered with blue grass beads placed over funeral headdress

Question 35

Describe portrait of Nefertiti

Answer 35

18th - new Refined, regular features, long neck, heavy lidded eyes - too ideal to be human Dramatic use of color - blue, red, green, gold

Question 36

Describe Tutankhamen's inner coffin

Answer 36

Surface decorated with colored glass and semiprecious gemstones. Crook and flail, nemes head cloth Full lips and thin bridged nose suggest influence of amaranth style

Question 37

Describe rameses II at Abu simbel

Answer 37

4 colossal statues, Proclaims military and diplomatic success Nefertari is lower than his leg which she affectionately caresses

Question 38

What are the languages on the Rosetta Stone? (Top to bottom)

Answer 38

Hieroglyphic, demotic, greek

Question 39

Describe queen nefertari making an offering to Isis

Answer 39

19th - wall painting Queen wears vulture skinned headdress, royal collar, long white gown. Isis sits on throne behind table of offerings, holding long scepter and ankh. Wears headdress surmounted by horns of Hathor framing sun disk

Question 40

Describe judgment of hunefer before Osiris

Answer 40

19 - book of dead Anubis leads him to spot where heart will be weighed against feather of truth To the right, eater of the dead (crocodile lion) waits for signal to eat But hunefer passes test and Horus presents him to Osiris, who floats on lake of natron His 4 sons, each entrusted with a vital organ, stand atop huge lotus blossom At top, hunefer accepted into afterlife kneel before 9 gods of Heliopolis (sacred city of ra) and 5 personifications of life sustaining principals

Question 41

Describe mummy wrapping of a young boy

Answer 41

Mummy was "soft sculpture" with Ronan style portrait Painted on wood panel in hot colored wax, inserted over face Had great staring eyes