which vessels have large elastic layer? why?
Arteries. Stores energy so you can continuously push blood through CV when heart is not actively pushing it through
Flow formula
F = (P1-P2)/R Q=F=Flow
Cardiac output formula
CO = (MAP-RAP)/TPR TPR = resistance in entire vascular tree ***MEMORIZE
Sickle cell anemia
fibrinogen in RBCs increases, decreasing their flexibility and results in disturbances in regional blood flow
increasing radius of tubes–> TPR
decreases
Increasing number of tubes in parallel –> TPR
decreases
Increasing tube length –> TPR
increases
Poiseuille’s Law
describes effect of length, radius, number of tubes, etc. effect resistance
Tubes in parallel generally have _____ resistance to tubes in series
lower
MAP formula**
MAP = CO * TPR
velocity def. and formula
distance a fluid travels per unit time. V=Q/A
increased cross-sectional area –> velocity
decreases
in laminar flow shear stress on vascular walls is prop. to
rate of flow
ONLY place where energy can be added to vasculature
heart
2 components of total energy stored in vasculature
1) KE (forward projecting)
2) PE (lateral projecting)
anemia –> turbulent flow
increases
Reynold’s number
predicts turbulence. Re=VDdensity/viscosity
high blood velocity –> turbulent flow
increases
larger vessel size –> turbulent flow
increases
Bernoulli’s Principle
total energy at one area in a closed system must equal total energy in another area. Achieved by Pressure/volume/area/velocity relationships
velocity ______ as venous blood comes out of capillaries and heads back to heart
increases (but at a lower velocity than it left heart)
aortic stenosis –> lateral pressure
decreases
aortic stenosis –> coronary filling
decreases. Harder time getting blood out and storing energy
aneurysm
abnormal dilation of blood vessel walls resulting from disease of the vessel wall. weak vessel wall
aneurysm –> pressure on vessel wall
increases (due to increased vessel diameter)