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TOEFL-45 > List-2 > Flashcards

List-2 Flashcards

1
Q

accord

A
  • *n. 符合；一致；协议；自愿
    vt. 使一致；给予
    vi. 符合；一致
  • ——————————————**
  1. harmony of people’s opinions or actions or characters
  2. concurrence of opinion
  3. a written agreement between two states or sovereigns
  4. sympathetic compatibility
  5. go together
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2
Q

additive

A
  • *n. 添加剂，添加物
    adj. 附加的；[数] 加法的
  • ——————————————**
  1. something added to enhance food or gasoline or paint or medicine
  2. characterized or produced by addition
  3. designating or involving an equation whose terms are of the first degree
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3
Q

affection

A
  • *n. 喜爱，感情；影响；感染
  • ——————————————**
  1. a positive feeling of liking
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4
Q

alike

A
  • *adj. 相似的；相同的
    adv. 以同样的方式；类似于
  • ——————————————**
  1. having the same or similar characteristics
  2. equally
  3. in a like manner
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5
Q

alternately

A
  • *adv. 交替地；轮流地；隔一个地
  • ——————————————**
  1. in an alternating sequence or position
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6
Q

behaviorism

A
  • *n. 行为主义
  • ——————————————**
  1. an approach to psychology that emphasizes observable measurable behavior
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7
Q

biological

A
  • *adj. 生物的；生物学的
  • ——————————————**
  1. pertaining to biology or to life and living things
  2. of parents and children; related by blood
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8
Q

budget

A
  • *n. 预算，预算费
    vt. 安排，预定；把…编入预算
    vi. 编预算，做预算
    adj. 廉价的
  • ——————————————**
  1. a sum of money allocated for a particular purpose
  2. a summary of intended expenditures along with proposals for how to meet them
  3. make a budget
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9
Q

calender

A
  • *vt. 以砑光机砑光
    n. 砑光机
  • ——————————————**
  1. a machine that smooths or glazes paper or cloth by pressing it between plates or passing it through rollers
  2. press between rollers or plates so as to smooth, glaze, or thin into sheets
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10
Q

coil

A
  • *vt. 盘绕，把…卷成圈
    n. 线圈；卷
    vi. 成圈状
    n. (Coil)人名；(英)科伊尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. a structure consisting of something wound in a continuous series of loops
  2. a round shape formed by a series of concentric circles (as formed by leaves or flower petals)
  3. a transformer that supplies high voltage to spark plugs in a gasoline engine
  4. a contraceptive device placed inside a woman’s womb
  5. tubing that is wound in a spiral
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11
Q

colleague

A
  • *n. 同事，同僚
  • ——————————————**
  1. an associate you work with
  2. a person who is member of your class or profession
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12
Q

composer

A
  • *n. 作曲家；作家，著作者；设计者
  • ——————————————**
  1. someone who composes music as a profession
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13
Q

composition

A
  • *n. 作文，作曲，作品；[材] 构成；合成物；成分
  • ——————————————**
  1. a mixture of ingredients
  2. the way in which someone or something is composed
  3. the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole
  4. a musical work that has been created
  5. musical creation
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14
Q

dairy

A
  • *n. 奶制品；乳牛；制酪场；乳品店；牛奶及乳品业
    adj. 乳品的；牛奶的；牛奶制的；产乳的
  • ——————————————**
  1. a farm where dairy products are produced
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15
Q

deadline

A
  • *n. 截止期限，最后期限
  • ——————————————**
  1. the point in time at which something must be completed
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16
Q

deal

A
  • *vt. 处理；给予；分配；发牌
    vi. 处理；讨论；对待；做生意
    n. 交易；（美）政策；待遇；份量
    n. (Deal)人名；(英、西)迪尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. a particular instance of buying or selling
  2. an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each
  3. (often followed by `of’) a large number or amount or extent
  4. a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
  5. wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir)
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17
Q

deceive

A
  • *v. 欺骗；行骗
  • ——————————————**
  1. be false to; be dishonest with
  2. cause someone to believe an untruth
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18
Q

distant

A
  • *adj. 遥远的；冷漠的；远隔的；不友好的，冷淡的
  • ——————————————**
  1. separated in space or coming from or going to a distance
  2. far apart in relevance or relationship
  3. remote in manner
  4. separate or apart in time
  5. apart in space
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19
Q

dramatic

A
  • *adj. 戏剧的；引人注目的；激动人心的
  • ——————————————**
  1. suitable to or characteristic of drama
  2. sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect
  3. pertaining to or characteristic of drama
  4. used of a singer or singing voice that is marked by power and expressiveness and a histrionic or theatrical style
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20
Q

erosion

A
  • *n. 侵蚀，腐蚀
  • ——————————————**
  1. (geology) the mechanical process of wearing or grinding something down (as by particles washing over it)
  2. condition in which the earth’s surface is worn away by the action of water and wind
  3. a gradual decline of something
  4. erosion by chemical action
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21
Q

explosive

A
  • *adj. 爆炸的；爆炸性的；爆发性的
    n. 炸药；爆炸物
  • ——————————————**
  1. a chemical substance that undergoes a rapid chemical change (with the production of gas) on being heated or struck
  2. serving to explode or characterized by explosion or sudden outburst
  3. liable to lead to sudden change or violence
  4. sudden and loud
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22
Q

forestall

A
  • *vt. 先发制人，预先阻止；垄断，屯积；领先；占先一步
  • ——————————————**
  1. keep from happening or arising; make impossible
  2. act in advance of; deal with ahead of time
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23
Q

fume

A
  • *vi. 冒烟；发怒
    vt. 熏；冒烟；愤怒地说
    n. 烟；愤怒，烦恼
    n. (Fume)人名；(日)不免(姓)
  • ——————————————**
  1. a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas
  2. be mad, angry, or furious
  3. emit a cloud of fine particles
  4. treat with fumes, expose to fumes, especially with the aim of disinfecting or eradicating pests
  5. be wet with sweat or blood, as of one’s face
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24
Q

igneous

A
  • *adj. 火的；[岩] 火成的；似火的
  • ——————————————**
  1. produced under conditions involving intense heat
  2. produced by the action of fire or intense heat
  3. like or suggestive of fire
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25
Q

immutable

A
  • *adj. 不变的；不可变的；不能变的
  • ——————————————**
  1. not subject or susceptible to change or variation in form or quality or nature
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26
Q

impetus

A
  • *n. 动力；促进；冲力
  • ——————————————**
  1. a force that moves something along
  2. the act of applying force suddenly
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27
Q

indicate

A
  • *vt. 表明；指出；预示；象征
  • ——————————————**
  1. be a signal for or a symptom of
  2. indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively
  3. to state or express briefly
  4. give evidence of
  5. suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine
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28
Q

industry

A
  • *n. 产业；工业；勤勉
  • ——————————————**
  1. the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise
  2. the organized action of making of goods and services for sale
  3. persevering determination to perform a task
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29
Q

intelligence

A
  • *n. 智力；情报工作；情报机关；理解力
  • ——————————————**
  1. the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience
  2. a unit responsible for gathering and interpreting information about an enemy
  3. secret information about an enemy (or potential enemy)
  4. new information about specific and timely events
  5. the operation of gathering information about an enemy
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30
Q

interpret

A
  • *vt. 说明；口译
    vi. 解释；翻译
  • ——————————————**
  1. make sense of; assign a meaning to
  2. give an interpretation or explanation to
  3. give an interpretation or rendition of
  4. create an image or likeness of
  5. restate (words) from one language into another language
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31
Q

intriguing

A
  • *adj. 有趣的；迷人的
    v. 引起…的兴趣；策划阴谋；私通（intrigue的ing形式）
  • ——————————————**
  1. disturbingly provocative
  2. capable of arousing interest or curiosity
32
Q

justify

A
  • *vi. 证明合法；整理版面
    vt. 证明…是正当的；替…辩护
  • ——————————————**
  1. show to be reasonable or provide adequate ground for
  2. show to be right by providing justification or proof
  3. defend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning
  4. let off the hook
  5. adjust the spaces between words
33
Q

legislative

A
  • *adj. 立法的；有立法权的
    n. 立法权；立法机构
  • ——————————————**
  1. persons who make or amend or repeal laws
  2. relating to a legislature or composed of members of a legislature
  3. of or relating to or created by legislation
34
Q

legitimate

A
  • *adj. 合法的；正当的；合理的；正统的
    vt. 使合法；认为正当（等于legitimize）
  • ——————————————**
  1. make legal
  2. show or affirm to be just and legitimate
  3. make (an illegitimate child) legitimate; declare the legitimacy of (someone)
  4. of marriages and offspring; recognized as lawful
  5. based on known statements or events or conditions
35
Q

literacy

A
  • *n. 读写能力；精通文学
  • ——————————————**
  1. the ability to read and write
36
Q

locomotion

A
  • *n. 运动；移动；旅行
  • ——————————————**
  1. the power or ability to move
  2. self-propelled movement
37
Q

longitude

A
  • *n. [地理] 经度；经线
  • ——————————————**
  1. the angular distance between a point on any meridian and the prime meridian at Greenwich
38
Q

lower

A
  • *vt. 减弱，减少；放下，降下；贬低
    vi. 降低；减弱；跌落
    adj. 下游的；下级的；下等的
    n. (Lower)人名；(英、意)洛厄
  • ——————————————**
  1. the lower of two berths
  2. move something or somebody to a lower position
  3. set lower
  4. cause to drop or sink
  5. make lower or quieter
39
Q

marked

A
  • *adj. 显著的；有记号的
    v. 表示（mark的过去分词）；作记号；打分数
  • ——————————————**
  1. strongly marked; easily noticeable
  2. singled out for notice or especially for a dire fate
  3. having or as if having an identifying mark or a mark as specified; often used in combination
40
Q

modulate

A
  • *vt. 调节；（信号）调制；调整
    vi. 调制；转调
  • ——————————————**
  1. change the key of, in music
  2. vary the pitch of one’s speech
  3. fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of
  4. adjust the pitch, tone, or volume of
  5. vary the frequency, amplitude, phase, or other characteristic of (electromagnetic waves)
41
Q

monarch

A
  • *n. 君主，帝王；最高统治者
  • ——————————————**
  1. a nation’s ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right
  2. large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweed
42
Q

motto

A
  • *n. 座右铭，格言；箴言
    n. (Motto)人名；(英)莫托；(意、西)莫托
  • ——————————————**
  1. a favorite saying of a sect or political group
43
Q

mutual

A
  • *adj. 共同的；相互的，彼此的
  • ——————————————**
  1. common to or shared by two or more parties
  2. concerning each of two or more persons or things; especially given or done in return
44
Q

overall

A
  • *adj. 全部的；全体的；一切在内的
    adv. 全部地；总的说来
    n. 工装裤；罩衫
  • ——————————————**
  1. (usually plural) work clothing consisting of denim trousers (usually with a bib and shoulder straps)
  2. a loose protective coverall or smock worn over ordinary clothing for dirty work
  3. involving only main features
  4. including everything
45
Q

overlook

A
  • *vt. 忽略；俯瞰；远眺；检查；高耸于…之上
    n. 忽视；眺望
  • ——————————————**
  1. a high place affording a good view
  2. look past, fail to notice
  3. be oriented in a certain direction
  4. leave undone or leave out
  5. look down on
46
Q

parallel

A
  • *n. 平行线；对比
    vt. 使…与…平行
    adj. 平行的；类似的，相同的
  • ——————————————**
  1. something having the property of being analogous to something else
  2. an imaginary line around the Earth parallel to the equator
  3. be parallel to
  4. make or place parallel to something
  5. duplicate or match
47
Q

paramount

A
  • *adj. 最重要的，主要的；至高无上的
    n. 最高统治者
  • ——————————————**
  1. having superior power and influence
48
Q

participant

A
  • *adj. 参与的；有关系的
    n. 参与者；关系者
  • ——————————————**
  1. someone who takes part in an activity
  2. a person who participates in or is skilled at some game
49
Q

pendent

A
  • *adj. 悬而未决的；下垂的；未定的；向外伸出的
  • ——————————————**
  1. an adornment that hangs from a piece of jewelry (necklace or earring)
  2. branched lighting fixture; often ornate; hangs from the ceiling
  3. supported from above
50
Q

planet

A
  • *n. 行星
    n. (Planet)人名；(法)普拉内；(西、葡)普拉内特
  • ——————————————**
  1. (astronomy) any of the nine large celestial bodies in the solar system that revolve around the sun and shine by reflected light; Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto in order of their proximity to the sun; viewed from the constellation Hercules, all the planets rotate around the sun in a counterclockwise direction
  2. a person who follows or serves another
  3. any celestial body (other than comets or satellites) that revolves around a star
51
Q

plausible

A
  • *adj. 貌似可信的，花言巧语的；貌似真实的，貌似有理的
  • ——————————————**
  1. apparently reasonable and valid, and truthful
  2. given to or characterized by presenting specious arguments
52
Q

plot

A
  • *n. 情节；图；阴谋
    vt. 密谋；绘图；划分；标绘
    vi. 密谋；策划；绘制
    n. (Plot)人名；(捷)普洛特；(法)普洛
  • ——————————————**
  1. a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal)
  2. a small area of ground covered by specific vegetation
  3. the story that is told in a novel or play or movie etc.
  4. a chart or map showing the movements or progress of an object
  5. plan secretly, usually something illegal
53
Q

precipitate

A
  • *n. [化学] 沉淀物
    vt. 使沉淀；促成；猛抛；使陷入
    vi. [化学] 沉淀；猛地落下；冷凝成为雨或雪等
    adj. 突如其来的；猛地落下的；急促的
  • ——————————————**
  1. a precipitated solid substance in suspension or after settling or filtering
  2. separate as a fine suspension of solid particles
  3. bring about abruptly
  4. fall from clouds
  5. fall vertically, sharply, or headlong
54
Q

radiate

A
  • *vt. 辐射；传播；流露；发射；广播
    vi. 辐射；流露；发光；从中心向各方伸展
    adj. 辐射状的，有射线的
  • ——————————————**
  1. send out rays or waves
  2. send out real or metaphoric rays
  3. extend or spread outward from a center or focus or inward towards a center
  4. have a complexion with a strong bright color, such as red or pink
  5. cause to be seen by emitting light as if in rays
55
Q

remnant

A
  • *n. 剩余
    adj. 剩余的
    n. (Remnant)人名；(英)雷姆南特
  • ——————————————**
  1. a small part or portion that remains after the main part no longer exists
  2. a piece of cloth that is left over after the rest has been used or sold
56
Q

removal

A
  • *n. 免职；移动；排除；搬迁
  • ——————————————**
  1. the act of removing
  2. dismissal from office
57
Q

renaissance

A
  • *n. 新生；再生；复活
  • ——————————————**
  1. the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries
  2. the revival of learning and culture
58
Q

retire

A
  • *vi. 退休；撤退；退却
    vt. 退休；离开；收回
    n. 退休；退隐；退兵信号
  • ——————————————**
  1. go into retirement; stop performing one’s work or withdraw from one’s position
  2. withdraw from active participation
  3. pull back or move away or backward
  4. move back and away from
  5. withdraw from circulation or from the market, as of bills, shares, and bonds
59
Q

rod

A
  • *n. 棒；惩罚；枝条；权力
    n. (Rod)人名；(英、法、德、捷、希)罗德；(阿拉伯)鲁德；(老)罗
  • ——————————————**
  1. a linear measure of 16.5 feet
  2. a long thin implement made of metal or wood
  3. any rod-shaped bacterium
  4. a square rod of land
  5. visual receptor cell sensitive to dim light
60
Q

salon

A
  • *n. 沙龙；客厅；画廊；美术展览馆
    n. (Salon)人名；(法、西、捷、瑞典)萨隆
  • ——————————————**
  1. gallery where works of art can be displayed
  2. a shop where hairdressers and beauticians work
  3. elegant sitting room where guests are received
61
Q

scar

A
  • *vt. 伤害；给留下伤痕
    vi. 结疤；痊愈
    n. 创伤；伤痕
  • ——————————————**
  1. a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue
  2. an indication of damage
  3. mark with a scar
62
Q

shipwright

A
  • *n. 造船工人，造船木匠
    n. (Shipwright)人名；(英)希普赖特
  • ——————————————**
  1. a carpenter who helps build and launch wooden vessels
63
Q

sloth

A
  • *n. 怠惰，懒惰；[脊椎] 树懒
    n. (Sloth)人名；(丹)斯洛特
  • ——————————————**
  1. a disinclination to work or exert yourself
  2. any of several slow-moving arboreal mammals of South America and Central America; they hang from branches back downward and feed on leaves and fruits
  3. apathy and inactivity in the practice of virtue (personified as one of the deadly sins)
64
Q

solitary

A
  • *adj. 孤独的；独居的
    n. 独居者；隐士
  • ——————————————**
  1. confinement of a prisoner in isolation from other prisoners
  2. one who lives in solitude
  3. characterized by or preferring solitude
  4. of plants and animals; not growing or living in groups or colonies
  5. lacking companions or companionship
65
Q

specialize

A
  • *vi. 专门从事；详细说明；特化
    vt. 使专门化；使适应特殊情况；详细说明
  • ——————————————**
  1. become more special
  2. be specific about
  3. suit to a special purpose
  4. devote oneself to a special area of work
  5. evolve so as to lead to a new species or develop in a way most suited to the environment
66
Q

specimen

A
  • *n. 样品，样本；标本
  • ——————————————**
  1. an example regarded as typical of its class
  2. a bit of tissue or blood or urine that is taken for diagnostic purposes
67
Q

spectator

A
  • *n. 观众；旁观者
  • ——————————————**
  1. a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)
  2. a woman’s pump with medium heel; usually in contrasting colors for toe and heel
68
Q

spill

A
  • *vt. 使溢出，使流出；使摔下
    vi. 溢出，流出；摔下；涌流
    n. 溢出，溅出；溢出量；摔下；小塞子
    n. (Spill)人名；(德)施皮尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. liquid that is spilled
  2. a channel that carries excess water over or around a dam or other obstruction
  3. the act of allowing a fluid to escape
  4. a sudden drop from an upright position
  5. cause or allow (a liquid substance) to run or flow from a container
69
Q

state

A
  • *n. 国家；州；情形
    vt. 规定；声明；陈述
    adj. 国家的；州的；正式的
    n. (State)人名；(罗、瑞典)斯塔特；(英)斯泰特
  • ——————————————**
  1. the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state
  2. the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation
  3. a politically organized body of people under a single government
  4. the way something is with respect to its main attributes
  5. the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies
70
Q

stem

A
  • *n. 干；茎；船首；血统
    vt. 阻止；除去…的茎；给…装柄
    vi. 阻止；起源于某事物；逆行
  • ——————————————**
  1. (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed
  2. a slender or elongated structure that supports a plant or fungus or a plant part or plant organ
  3. cylinder forming a long narrow part of something
  4. the tube of a tobacco pipe
  5. front part of a vessel or aircraft
71
Q

string

A
  • *n. 线，细绳；一串，一行
    vt. 扎，缚；使排成一列，串起；伸展，拉直
    vi. 连成一串；排成一列
    n. (String)人名；(德)施特林；(瑞典)斯特林
  • ——————————————**
  1. a lightweight cord
  2. stringed instruments that are played with a bow
  3. a tightly stretched cord of wire or gut, which makes sound when plucked, struck, or bowed
  4. a sequentially ordered set of things or events or ideas in which each successive member is related to the preceding
  5. a linear sequence of symbols (characters or words or phrases)
72
Q

sturdy

A
  • *adj. 坚定的；强健的；健全的
    n. 羊晕倒病
    n. (Sturdy)人名；(英)斯特迪
  • ——————————————**
  1. having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships
  2. not making concessions
  3. substantially made or constructed
73
Q

substantial

A
  • *adj. 大量的；实质的；内容充实的
    n. 本质；重要材料
  • ——————————————**
  1. fairly large
  2. having a firm basis in reality and being therefore important, meaningful, or considerable
  3. having substance or capable of being treated as fact; not imaginary
  4. providing abundant nourishment
  5. of good quality and condition; solidly built
74
Q

towering

A
  • *adj. 高耸的；卓越的；激烈的
    v. 高翔（tower的ing形式）
  • ——————————————**
  1. of imposing height; especially standing out above others
75
Q

versus

A
  • *prep. 对；与…相对；对抗
  • ——————————————**
76
Q

worth

A
  • *adj. 值…的
    n. 价值；财产
    n. (Worth)人名；(英)沃思；(德)沃特
  • ——————————————**
  1. an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value
  2. the quality that renders something desirable or valuable or useful
  3. French couturier (born in England) regarded as the founder of Parisian haute couture; noted for introducing the bustle (1825-1895)
  4. having sufficient worth
  5. having a specified value
77
Q

wrap

A
  • *vt. 包；缠绕；隐藏；掩护
    vi. 包起来；缠绕；穿外衣
    n. 外套；围巾
  • ——————————————**
  1. cloak that is folded or wrapped around a person
  2. a sandwich in which the filling is rolled up in a soft tortilla
  3. the covering (usually paper or cellophane) in which something is wrapped
  4. arrange or fold as a cover or protection
  5. wrap or coil around

TOEFL-45 (45 decks)

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