Chapter 7: Need to Know

Question 1

glomerulonephritis

Answer 1

inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney

Question 2

nephrolithiasis

Answer 2

kidney stones (renal calculi)

Question 3

pyelonephritis

Answer 3

inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

Question 4

renal failure

Answer 4

decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function

Question 5

CKD

Answer 5

chronic kidney disease

Question 6

CRF

Answer 6

chronic renal failure

Question 7

ARF

Answer 7

acute renal failure

Question 8

PKD

Answer 8

polycystic kidney disease

Question 9

DI

Answer 9

diabetes insipidus

Question 10

DM

Answer 10

diabetes mellitus

Question 11

Bladder cancer

Answer 11

malignant tumour of the urinary bladder

Question 12

Wilms tumour

Answer 12

malignant tumour of the kidney occurring in childhood

Question 13

ADH

Answer 13

antidiuretic hormone

Question 14

BUN

Answer 14

blood urea nitrogen

Question 15

blood urea nitrogen

Answer 15

measurement of urea levels in blood

Question 16

diabetes mellitus

Answer 16

insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects

Question 17

diabetes insipidus

Answer 17

antidiuretic hormone is not secreted, or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH

Question 18

polycystic kidney disease

Answer 18

multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney

Question 19

KUB

Answer 19

kidneys, ureters and bladder

Question 20

kidneys, ureters and bladder

Answer 20

x-ray examination of the kidneys, ureters and bladder

Question 21

RP

Answer 21

retrograde pyelogram

Question 22

retrograde pyelogram

Answer 22

x-ray image of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder

Question 23

IVP

Answer 23

Intravenous pyelogram

Question 24

Intravenous pyelogram

Answer 24

radiological procedure used to visualize abnormalities in the urinary bladder

Question 25

VCUG

Answer 25

voiding cystourethrogram

Question 26

voiding cystourethrogram

Answer 26

x-ray image of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding

Question 27

lithotripsy

Answer 27

urinary tract stones are crushed

Question 28

ESWL

Answer 28

extracorpereal shock wave lithotripsy

Question 29

urinary catheterization

Answer 29

passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder

Question 30

C&S

Answer 30

culture and sensitivity

Question 31

eGFR

Answer 31

estimated glomerular filtration rate

Question 32

UA

Answer 32

urinalysis

Question 33

UTI

Answer 33

urinary tract infection