Chapter 7: Vocabulary Flashcards Preview

Medical Terminology > Chapter 7: Vocabulary > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 7: Vocabulary Deck (32)
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1
Q

arteriole

A

small artery

2
Q

calciferol

A

active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidney

3
Q

calyx or calix

calyces or calices

A

cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

4
Q

catheter

A

tube for injecting or removing fluids

5
Q

cortex

A

outer region of an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney

6
Q

creatinine

A

nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

7
Q

electrolyte

A

chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water

8
Q

erythropoietin (EPO)

A

hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow

9
Q

filtration

A

process whereby some substances pass through a filter

10
Q

glomerular capsule

A

enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus

11
Q

glomerulus

plural: glomeruli

A

tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney

12
Q

hilum

A

depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

13
Q

kidney

A

one of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region.

14
Q

meatus

A

opening or canal

15
Q

medulla

A

inner region of an organ

16
Q

nephron

A

combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney

17
Q

nitrogenous waste

A

substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine

18
Q

potassium (K+)

A

electrolyte regulated by kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood

19
Q

reabsorption

A

process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream

20
Q

renal artery

A

blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

21
Q

renal pelvis

A

central collecting region in the kidney

22
Q

renal tubule

A

microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

23
Q

renal vein

A

blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart

24
Q

renin

A

hormone secreted by the kidney; raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction

25
Q

sodium (Na+)

A

electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions

26
Q

trigone

A

triangular area int he urinary bladder

27
Q

urea

A

major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

28
Q

ureter

A

one of the two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

29
Q

urethra

A

tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

30
Q

uric acid

A

nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine

31
Q

urinary bladder

A

hollow, muscular sac that holds and store urine

32
Q

urination (voiding)

A

process of expelling urine; also called micturition

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