Flashcards in Medical consequences of alcohol excess Deck (18):
1
Where has one of the fastest growing chronic liver disease and cirrhosis death rates in the world?
Scotland
2
How many admissions to hospital is alcohol responsible for
1 in 20
3
Who is the worst for alcohol drinking in scotland
Men in deprived areas
4
What are some acute effects of alcohol
CNS - accidents and violence
Gastro - oesophagitis, gastritis, ulceration, acute pancreatis
Respiratory - alcohol poisoning in overdose, aspiration
Behaviousral - anxiolysis, mood changes, errors in judgement - suicide, homicides, STDs
5
What are some of the good effects of high-risk drinking?
Decreases risk of RA
Increases HDL cholesterol
Decreased risk of kidney or gall stones
Lowers risk of diabetes
6
What are some of the effects of chronic heavy drinking?
Gastro - sotmach, liver, pancreas
CNS - neuropathies, dementia, Weknick-Korsakoff's syndrome
Cardio - hypertension, cardiomyopathy, MI, Stroke
Haematological - anaemia, bone marrow depression
Musculoskeletal - proximal myopathy, oestroporesis
Endocrine - cushion's syndrome
dermatological
reproductive - increased chance of miscarriage or congenital defects
7
What are the results of fetal alcohol syndrome
Growth deficiency
Mental retardation
intellectual impairment
attentional learning disabilities
behavioural problems
8
What are 3 beneficial effects of moderate alcohol use
Cardiovascular risks decrease, gall stones and potential beneficial effects
9
Name the 3 key components in alcohol metabolism in order
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Ketone bodies
10
What causes the variety in the way different people metabolise alcohol
Different levels of phase 2 enzymes
11
How likely is it for alcoholics to develop alcoholic fatty liver disease
90%
12
How likely is it for alcoholics to develop alcohol related cirrhosis
30%
13
What might alcoholic hepatitis appear as
Cholestatic
14
At what stage is it most likely that hepatitis will occur in Alcoholic liver disease
Any stage - steatosis or cirrhosis
15
What are the signs of chronic liver disease and portal hypertension
Encepalopathy
prolonged prothrombin time
hypoalbuminaemia
caput medusa
hypersplenism
16
How do we grade cirrhosis
Child's Turcotte-Pugh and MELD scores
17
What is the worst grade of this score
Grade C
18