Flashcards in Oral malignancies and Cancer Deck (22)
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1
Name 3 symtoms of oral cancers?
Ulceration, bleeding and induration
2
Describe the epidemiology of Oral cancer
Much higher in women than in men (nearly 2 times as much)
3
What type of oral cancer has the highest 4 year survival rate?
Lip
4
What happens to the prevelance of oral cancer with age
An increase as age increases
5
What age are most oral cancer patients
>50 years old
6
Name some causes of oral cancer
Tobacco
Alcohol
diet and nutrition
HPV
UVL
Candida
7
Why do people think that the water pipe is safer?
Why is it not?
Because it is filtered through water
It can be inhaled further into the lungs
8
What are the guidelines of alcohol per week
21 units for males
14 units for females
9
Give an example of 1 unit
Half pint beer
Shot of spirit
Glass of wine
10
What is the daily maximum alcohol unit recommended for men and women?
3-4 in males
1-2 in females
11
What is a binge drink for men and women?
Males - at least 8 units
Females - at least 6 units
i.e. double the maximum amount for 1 day
12
What are the nutritional risks for Oral Cancer
Low Vit. A, C and Iron all increase the risk of Oral cancer
13
Describe the prognosis for HPV and non HPV with association to oropharyngeal cancer
There is a better prognosis for HPV associated oropharyngeal cancer than for non HPV
14
How do you prevent Oral Cancer?
Stop smoking and decrease alcohol intake
Increase fruit and veg increase
15
What are the common signs for early oral cancer
White and red lesions anywhere in the mouth
16
Where are the high risk sites
Soft non keratinizing sites:
Ventral tongue
Floor of mouth
Lateral tongue
17
Where are the rare sites of oral cancer?
Dorsal tongue
Hard palate
18
What are the majority of cancers which present in the mouth?
Squamous cell carcinoma
19
What colour do melanomas tend to be?
Black
20
What are the warning signs for oral cancer?
Red/ white / red and white lesion
Ucler (exclude trauma, drug, systemic etc)
Numb feeling eg. lip or face
Unexplained pain in mouth or neck
Change in voice
Dysphagia
Drooping eye lid or facial palsy
Fracture of mandible
Dougle vision
Blocked or bleeding from nose
Facial swelling
21
What are the 4 key questions to ask a patient?
How long has the lesion been present for ? (2-3 weeks)
Is it painful? (pain is a usually late manifestation of OC but would be expected if benign ulcer
Does patient smoke? and Drink? how Much ?
What colour is the lesion?
22
