Bleeding in the GI tract and the anatomy of the blood vessels of the abdomen Flashcards
(42 cards)
What are the parts of the large intestine in order
caecum appendix ascending colon transverse colon descending colon sigmoid colon rectum anal canal anus
What are the 3 functions of the large intestine
defence
absorption
excretion
Where is the colon in relation to the liver and spleen
Inferior to both the liver and the spleen
What type of organ is the colon
Intraperitoneal, then retroperitoneal then intraperitoneal
Describe the mobility of the intraperitoneal segments of the colon
Quite mobile
How many paracolic gutters do we have?
2 (right and left
Describe the location of the paracolic gutters
Between the lateral eddge of the ascending and descending colon and the abdominal wall
What are the paracolic gutters part of?
The greater sac of the peritoneal cavity
What are the paracolic gutters potential sites for
Pus collection
How many teniae coli do we have and what are they
3
Longitudinal bands of thickened smooth muscle running from caecum to distal end of sigmoid colon
How do we visualise the teniae coli?
Use barium contrast via enema
Where do the appendix and the caecum lie?
Right iliac fossa
What corresponds to the McBurneys point on the anterior abdominal wall
The appendiceal orifice on the posteromedial wall of the caecum
Where is the McBurneys point
A third of the way from the right ASIS to the umbilicus (where pain from appendicitis ends)
WHere does the sigmoid colon lie?
In the left iliac fossa
What gives rise to the movement of the sigmoid and what is the specific name for this?
Long mesentery - sigmoid mesocolon
What is the negative side to the degree of movement of the sigmoid colon?
It can twist around itself and cause a bowel obstruction
What is the risk if a bowel obstruction is not treated?
Infarction
What does the abdominal aorta branch to supply and what are the names of the branches
The abdominal organs
Right and left common iliac arteries
What do the common iliac arteries supply?
The pelvis, perineum and the lower limbs
The common iliac arteries bifurcate again to form what?
The external and internal iliac arteries
Where does the abdominal aorta lie?
Anterior to the vertebral bodies and to the left of the IVC
Name the 3 midline branches of the abdominal aorta
Celiac trunk (foregut)
Superior mesenteric artery (midgut)
Inferior mesenteric artery (hindgut)
What are the names of the 6 parts of the SMA arteries from superior to inferior on the right hand side of the body
Inferior pancreatico-duodenal artery Middle colic artery Right colic artery Ileocolic artery Jejunal and ileal arteries Appendicular artery
