3(2) 文化・国家 言葉 Flashcards

(161 cards)

1
Q

文化

A

ぶんか

culture

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2
Q

国家

A

こっか

state, nation, country

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3
Q

言葉

A

ことば

word

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4
Q

誤字脱字のチェック

A

ごじだつじのチェック

to check for typos and omissions

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5
Q

語源をたどる

A

ごげんをたどる

to trace the origin of a word

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6
Q

英文を和文に訳す

A

えいぶんをわぶんにやくす

to translate English text into Japanese

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7
Q

例文を挙げる

A

れいぶんをあげる

to give an example sentence

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8
Q

原文を訳文を照らし合わせる

A

げんぶんをやくぶんをてらしあわせる

to check the translation against the original

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9
Q

名詞を修飾する

A

めいしをしゅうしょくする

to modify a noun

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10
Q

自動詞と他動詞の使い分け

A

じどうしとたどうしのつかいわけ

the proper use of intransitive verbs and transitive verbs

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11
Q

文体を統一する

A

ぶんたいをとういつする

to make the writing style consistent

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12
Q

句読点を打つ

A

くとうてんをうつ

to punctuate

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13
Q

つい方言が出る

A

ついほうげんがでる

can’t help speaking in a regional dialect

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14
Q

日本語のアクセント

A

にほんごのアクセント

a Japanese accent

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15
Q

表現力に乏しい文章

A

ひょうげんりょくにとぼしいぶんしょう

a poorly written passage

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16
Q

描写力に富んだ作品

A

びょうしゃりょくにとんださくひん

a work full of descriptive power

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17
Q

8の字を描いて飛ぶ虫

A

8のじをえがいてとぶむし

an insect flying in the figure of an “eight”

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18
Q

書式を設定する

A

しょしきをせっていする

to format

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19
Q

コメントを寄せる

A

コメントをよせる

to make a comment

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20
Q

言葉遣いが気になる

A

ことばづかいがきになる

to be worried about the use of words

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21
Q

たとえ話に過ぎない

A

たとえばなしにすぎない

to be nothing but a parable

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22
Q

言論の自由を訴える

A

げんろんのじゆうをうったえる

to appeal for freedom of speech

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23
Q

ひらがなを漢字に変換する

A

ひらがなをかんじにへんかんする

to convert hiragana into kanji

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24
Q

漢字

A

かんじ

kanji

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25
数字
すうじ | number, figure, digit
26
漢数字
かんすうじ | Chinese characters which express numbers
27
誤字
ごじ | misprint, misspelling, type
28
脱字
だつじ | omitted word, omitted character
29
英字
えいじ | english letter
30
英字新聞
えいじしんぶん | english newspaper
31
習字
しゅうじ | penmanship
32
太字
ふとじ | boldface, thick characters
33
細字
ほそじ | small type or handwriting
34
当て字
あてじ | kanji used as a phonetic symbol, instead of for the meaning
35
字数
じすう | number of characters or letters
36
言語
げんご | language
37
外来語
がいらいご | borrowed word, foreign origin word
38
漢語
かんご | Chinese word
39
和語
わご | native Japanese words
40
主語
しゅご | subject
41
述語
じゅつご | predicate (affirmation or assertion)
42
敬語
けいご | honorific language
43
口語
こうご | spoken language
44
文語
ぶんご | written language
45
略語
りゃくご | abbreviation, acronym
46
慣用語
かんようご | idiom
47
擬音語
ぎおんご | example of onomatopoeia
48
擬態語
ぎたいご | mimetic word, word that mimics something that does not make a sound
49
共通語
きょうつうご | common term, common language
50
標準語
``` ひょうじゅんご standard language (of a country) ```
51
母語
ぼご | mother tongue
52
四字熟語
よじじゅくご | four-character idiomatic compounds
53
流行語
りゅうこうご | buzzword, popular phrase
54
死語
しご | dead language, obsolete word
55
語彙
ごい | vocabulary
56
語学
ごがく | language study
57
語源
ごげん | word root, word derivation
58
語順
ごじゅん | word order
59
現代語
げんだいご | modern language
60
古語
こご | obsolete word
61
漢文
かんぶん | Chinese classical literature
62
古文
こぶん | ancient writing, classical literature
63
短文
たんぶん | short sentence, short piece of writing
64
長文
ちょうぶん | long sentence, long piece of writing
65
本文
ほんぶん | text (of a document), body (of a letter)
66
例文
れいぶん | example sentence, model sentence
67
作文
さくぶん | writing (an essay, prose)
68
訳文
やくぶん | a translation
69
原文
げんぶん | text, original
70
文章
ぶんしょう | sentence, article
71
名詞
めいし | noun
72
形容詞
けいようし | i-adjective
73
動詞
どうし | verb
74
自動詞
じどうし | intransitive verb
75
他動詞
たどうし | transitive verb
76
助詞
じょし | particle (as in a sentence)
77
助動詞
じょどうし | auxiliary verb
78
副詞
ふくし | adverb
79
接続詞
せつぞくし | conjunction
80
代名詞
だいめいし | pronoun
81
数詞
すうし | numeral
82
書体
しょたい | calligraphic style
83
字体
じたい | type, font
84
文体
ぶんたい | literary style
85
普通体
ふつうたい | direct style
86
丁寧体
ていねいたい | polite style
87
口語体
こうごたい | colloquial style
88
文語体
ぶんごたい | literary style
89
明朝体
みんちょうたい | Ming style typeface
90
楷書体
かいしょたい | square (block) style of printed typeface
91
ゴシック体
ゴシックたい | Gothic style
92
語句
ごく | words, phrases
93
慣用句
かんようく | idiomatic usage, common usage
94
句点
くてん | period, full stop
95
読点
とうてん | comma
96
句読点
くとうてん | punctuation mark
97
訳す
やくす | (trans.) to translate, to interpret
98
通訳
つうやく | interpretation
99
同時通訳
どうじつうやく | simultaneous interpretation
100
翻訳
ほんやく | translation
101
直訳
ちょくやく | literal translation, direct translation
102
意訳
いやく | liberal translation
103
誤訳
ごやく | mistranslation
104
英訳
えいやく | english translation
105
和訳
わやく | japanese translation
106
対訳
たいやく | original text with its translation printed side by side
107
口語訳
こうごやく | colloquial translation
108
訳文
やくぶん | a translation, translated sentence
109
方言
ほうげん | dialect
110
訛り
なまり | accent (of one's speech)
111
発音
はつおん | pronunciation
112
母音
ぼいん | vowel
113
子音
しいん | consonant
114
表現
ひょうげん | expression
115
描写
びょうしゃ | depiction, description
116
書式
しょしき | blank form, format
117
変換
へんかん | change, conversion
118
統一
とういつ | unity, consolidation (to unify, to consolidate)
119
設定する
せっていする | to establish, to create, to setup
120
原稿用紙
げんこうようし | Japanese writing paper (lined with square grid)
121
修飾
しゅうしょく | ornamentation, embellishment, adornment, polish up (writing)
122
名詞修飾
``` めいししゅうしょく noun modification (?) ```
123
言葉遣い
ことばづかい | speech, expression, wording
124
使い分け
つかいわけ | proper use, using different things for different purposes
125
使い分ける
つかいわける | (trans.) to use properly
126
口述
こうじゅつ | dictation, verbal statement
127
記述
きじゅつ | description, descriptor
128
受身
うけみ | passive, passive voice
129
使役
しえき | causative
130
清音と濁音
せいおんとだくおん | unvoiced sound, voiced sound
131
清濁
せいだく | voiced and unvoiced consonants, good and evil
132
世間話
せけんばなし | gossip, chat
133
例え話
たとえばなし | speaking metaphorically
134
言論の自由
げんろんのじゆう | free speech, freedom of speech
135
名言
めいげん | wise saying, famous saying
136
耳にする
みみにする | to hear, to hear by chance
137
二重敬語
``` にじゅうけいご redundant keigo (improper use) ```
138
全力を尽くす
ぜんりょくをつくす | to use up all of one's power
139
苦労
くろう | troubles, hardships
140
苦労は尽きない
くろうはつきない | troubles are everlasting
141
身に付ける
みにつける | to learn, to acquire knowledge
142
都会
とかい | city
143
慣れない
なれない | to not be used to, to not be experienced in
144
慣れる
なれる | (intrans.) to grow accustomed to, to become familiar with
145
単調
たんちょう | monotony, dullness
146
喜怒哀楽
``` きどあいらく human emotions (joy, anger, pathos, humor) ```
147
退屈
たいくつ | tedium, boredom
148
規制
きせい | regulation, (traffic) policing, control
149
市民運動
しみんうんどう | citizen's campaign
150
前評判
まえひょうばん | (degree of) public interest in forthcoming event or performance
151
苦戦
くせん | hard fight, close game
152
情景
じょうけい | spectacle, sight, scene
153
手法
しゅほう | technique, method
154
長ける
たける | (intrans.) to excel at, to be proficient at
155
えさ | food, bait, prey
156
仲間
なかま | colleague, associate, member of the same category
157
飛躍的
ひやくてき | rapidly
158
自業自得
じごうじとく | paying for one's mistakes, suffering the consequences (of one's own actions)
159
興味津々
きょうみしんしん | very interesting, having a keen interest (in)
160
試行錯誤
しこうさくご | trial and error
161
切磋琢磨
せっさたくま | to cultivate one's character by studying hard, diligent application