Anesthesia machine 7

Question 1

If a passive system (not connected to suction) is used, it

Answer 1

must have positive pressure relief

Question 2

Since there is not suction with a passive system,

Answer 2

it will not remove excess fresh gas from the breathing circuit

Question 3

If an active system (connected to suction) is used- it must have

Answer 3

positive and negative pressure relief

Question 4

The gas disposal tubing

Answer 4

removes gas from the interface

Question 5

The gas disposal system directs gas

Answer 5

from the scavenger to the hospital suction and ultimately earth’s atmosphere

Question 6

Which component scavenger system determines if it’s an open or closed system?

Answer 6

the scavenging interface

Question 7

What type of scavenging communicates to the atmosphere with pressure valves?

Answer 7

closed system

Question 8

What is the MOST common cause of low circuit pressure?
a. leak in corrugated tubing
b. circuit disconnect
c. incompetent ventilator relief valve
d. improper fitting of CO2 absorbent

Answer 8

b. circuit disconnect

Question 9

Circuit disconnect most commonly occurs at

Answer 9

the y-piece between the endotracheal tube and the breathing circuit

Question 10

5 additional sources of low pressure in the breathing circuit include:

Answer 10

1. CO2 absorbent canister (second most common cause of a leak)- poor seal or defective canister
2. malfunction of the bag/ventilator selector switch
3. incompetent ventilator spill valve
4. leaks in the breathing circuit
5. leaks in the anesthesia machine

Question 11

If you’re unable to ventilate due to low pressure, the best course of action is to

Answer 11

ventilate the patient with an Ambu bag and oxygen tank while providing TIVA

Question 12

Disconnect monitors detect changes in

Answer 12

airway pressure, tidal volume, and EtCO2

Question 13

Examples of disconnect monitors include

Answer 13

a precordial stethoscope, capnography, low expired volume alarm, and visual inspection of chest rise

Question 14

_________ is NOT a disconnect monitor.

Answer 14

The oxygen analyzer

Question 15

During a general anesthetic with an endotracheal tube, the high peak pressure alarm sounds. After changing the bag selector switch from ventilator mode to bag mode, the peak inspiratory pressure returns to baseline. What is the MOST likely explanation for the rise in peak inspiratory pressure?
a. the positive pressure relief valve on the scavenger failed
b. the endotracheal tube was kinked
c. the patient experienced bronchospasm
d. the ventilator spill valve malfunctioned

Answer 15

d. the ventilator spill valve malfunctioned

Question 16

Excessive pressure inside the breathing circuit can lead to the following 9 complications:

Answer 16

barotrauma
decreased venous return
decreased cardiac output
hypotension
cardiovascular collapse
high PEEP
pneumothorax
subcutaneous emphysema
death

Question 17

Etiologies of high pressure inside the breathing circuit include the following 7 things:

Answer 17

ventilator spill valve malfunction
failure to remove the plastic wrap from the CO2 absorbent
failure to remove the plastic from the anesthesia mask
occlusion of the lumen of the breathing circuit by plastic or other materials
a malfunctioning PEEP valve
a malfunctioning expiratory unidirectional valve in the breathing circuit or scavenger

Question 18

What value exceeds OSHA’s recommended standards for occupational exposure to inhalation anesthetics in the operating room?
a. sevoflurane 1.8 ppm
b. desflurane 0.8 ppm
c. sevoflurane 1.0 ppm + nitrous oxide 15 ppm
d. desflurane 0.3 ppm + nitrous oxide 20 ppm

Answer 18

c. sevoflurane 1.0 ppm+ nitrous oxide 15 ppm

Question 19

Nitrous oxide alone should be less than

Answer 19

25 ppm

Question 20

Halogenated agents alone should be less than

Answer 20

2 ppm

Question 21

Halogenated agents with nitrous oxide should be less than

Answer 21

0.5 ppm