Coagulation 2

Question 1

What is the function of actin in the platelet?

Answer 1

helps the platelet contract to form a platelet plug

Question 2

What is the function of ADP in the platelet?

Answer 2

platelet activation and aggregation

Question 3

What is the function of serotonin the platelet?

Answer 3

activates nearby platelets

Question 4

What is the function of glycoproteins?

Answer 4

adheres to injured endothelium, collagen, and fibrinogen

Question 5

What is the function of growth factor in the platelet?

Answer 5

helps repair damaged vessel walls

Question 6

Which substance is responsible for adhering the platelet to the damaged vessel?
a. thromboxane A2
b. ADP
c. Tissue factor
d. Von Willebrand factor

Answer 6

d. Von Willebrand factor

Question 7

Immediately following vascular injury, the vessel (tunica media)

Answer 7

contracts to reduce blood flow to the affected area

Question 8

Formation of the platelet plug is called

Answer 8

primary hemostasis

Question 9

Primary hemostasis can be divided into three steps:

Answer 9

adhesion
activation
aggregation

Question 10

Adhesion is when

Answer 10

after vascular injury, platelets immediately adhere to exposed collagen with the help of von Willebrand factor

Question 11

Activation is when

Answer 11

platelets contract & release a series of compounds that attract other platelets to the site of injury and promote clotting

Question 12

Aggregation is when

Answer 12

a platelet plug forms (small injuries)

Question 13

For larger injuries, the coagulation process is

Answer 13

required to strengthen the clot

Question 14

What are the four steps in the hemostatic mechanism?

Answer 14

vascular spasm
formation of the platelet plug
formation of the fibrin clot
fibrinolysis

Question 15

What are the two functions that vascular spasm serves?

Answer 15

reduces blood loss
helps procoagulants remain in the affected area so that they can do their jobs

Question 16

_____________ links activated platelets together to form the platelet plug

Answer 16

GpIIb/IIIa receptor complex

Question 17

How does the injured blood vessel initially activate the platelet plug?

Answer 17

endothelial injury exposes collagen. Exposed collagen at the site of vascular injury activates platelets

Question 18

Match each coagulation factor with its pathway:
calcium, tissue factor, prothrombin, hageman factor
affects all pathways, extrinsic pathway, intrinsic pathway, final common pathway

Answer 18

calcium- affects all pathways
tissue factor- extrinsic pathway
prothrombin- final common pathway
Hageman factor- intrinsic pathway

Question 19

The classical model of coagulation consists of

Answer 19

two distinct pathways: extrinsic and intrinsic that come together in the final pathway

Question 20

The _____________ is activated when coagulation is initiated outside of the intravascular space.

Answer 20

Extrinsic pathway

Question 21

The ______________ is activated when coagulation is initiated inside of the itnravscular space.

Answer 21

Intrinsic pathway

Question 22

_____________ is a more modern approach to coagulation.

Answer 22

The cell-based model of coagulation

Question 23

In the cell-based model of coagulation, coagulation is initiated by the ___________________, as injured endothelium releases _________—

Answer 23

extrinsic pathway; tissue factor (factor 3)

Question 24

In the cell based model of coagulation, the intrinsic pathway serves to

Answer 24

amplify the thrombin generating effect of the extrinsic pathway

Question 25

__________ coagulation factors participate in the coagulation cascade

Answer 25

12

Question 26

Explain the numbering of the coagulation factors.

Answer 26

there's no factor 6, which explains why they're numbered from 1-13

Question 27

The primary purpose of the coagulation cascade is to produce

Answer 27

fibrin

Question 28

What is the mnemonic for remembering the names of the factors?

Answer 28

Foolish people try climbing long slopes after Christmas, some people have fallen

Question 29

Factor 1 is

Answer 29

fibrinogen

Question 30

Factor 2 is

Answer 30

prothrombin

Question 31

factor 3 is

Answer 31

tissue factor

Question 32

Factor 4 is

Answer 32

calcium ions

Question 33

Factor 5 is

Answer 33

labile factor

Question 34

Factor 7 is

Answer 34

stable factor

Question 35

factor 8 is

Answer 35

antihemophilic factor

Question 36

Factor 9 is

Answer 36

Christmas factor

Question 37

factor 10 is

Answer 37

Stuart-Prower factor

Question 38

Factor 11 is

Answer 38

plasma thromboplastin antecedent

Question 39

Factor 12 is

Answer 39

Hageman factor

Question 40

factor 13 is

Answer 40

Fibrin stabilizing factor

Question 41

All of the factors are synthesized by the __________ except for factors

Answer 41

liver; 3 & 4

Question 42

Factor 4, calcium ions, are synthesized from the

Answer 42

diet

Question 43

Factor 3, tissue factor, is synthesized from the

Answer 43

vascular wall

Question 44

Describe the 6 steps to draw the coagulation cascade:

Answer 44

1. count backward from 12 2. 3, 4, & 6 don't exist 3. 10 is the frontman in the band- it's the only one out of order 4. 5 & 8 are co-factors so they go above the line 5. 7 is lucky, so it goes in your pocket (below the line) 6. 2 is prothrombin & 1 is fibrinogen

Question 45

Vitamin K factors include

Answer 45

2, 7, 9 & 10

Question 46

The INtrinsic pathway is longer, so it's measured by the

Answer 46

PTT (more letters)

Question 47

The EXtrinsic pathway is shorter so it's measured by the

Answer 47

PT 9fewer letters)

Question 48

The EXtrinsic pathway looks like a gun, and guns are used in war. therefore, ________ inhibits the extrinsic pathway

Answer 48

WARfarin

Question 49

The gun of the EXtrinsic pathway is fired with your _________

Answer 49

trigger finger (TF= Tissue factor)

Question 50

The Extrinsic pathway is activated by

Answer 50

TISSUE Factor

Question 51

For the final common pathway, just think of dollar denominations:

Answer 51

10, 5, 2 & 1