Attraction and Hooking Up Flashcards Preview

J - HECOL 210 > Attraction and Hooking Up > Flashcards

Flashcards in Attraction and Hooking Up Deck (84)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

We are attracted to people that are ___.

A

Honest.

2
Q

Attraction is selfless. True or false?

A

False. Attraction is selfish.

3
Q

Everything we find attractive is intrinsically ___.

A

Rewarding.

4
Q

A person should be good, but not too prefect. What is this called?

A

The Pratfall Effect.

5
Q

Pratfall Effect

A

People are seen as more attractive if they are great people, but have small flaws that they feel embarrassed about.

6
Q

Why does the Pratfall Effect work?

A

Everyone is aware of their own flaws, and it allows people to relate to them better. It is validating.

7
Q

Most people see themselves as…

A

Generally good people with a few flaws.

8
Q

People are attracted to people to those with similar…

A
  • Values.
  • Backgrounds.
  • Personalities.
9
Q

People can be too much alike. True or false?

A

False, research has debunked this.

10
Q

Opposites attract. True or false?

A

False, research has debunked this.

11
Q

What research method is used to determine that more similar people are attractive to a person?

A

Phantom Other Technique.

12
Q

Dissimilarity tends to ___ over time as relationship commitment increases.

A

Decrease.

13
Q

Does research support the assertion that those who are complementary are more attractive?

A

No. Most complementarity is actually similarity.

14
Q

Situational Complementarity

A

In some situations, you may see complementary patterns of interaction.

15
Q

Why do we like similarity?

A
  • It is validating.
  • People who are similar are easier to get along with.
  • We have an expectation that they will like us.
16
Q

We do not like people who are similar when…

A

They are suffering, as they remind us of our own vulnerability.

17
Q

Mere Exposure Effect

A

We like people, pictures, and objects that we have seen more.

18
Q

We like people, pictures, and objects that we have seen more.

A

Mere Exposure Effect

19
Q

Mere exposure effect only works when…

A

It is in a neutral or positive condition.

20
Q

A Coca-Cola ad is playing over and over. This is utilizing the…

A

Mere exposure effect.

21
Q

Mere exposure does not make someone we do not know, more likeable. True or false?

A

True. It makes the dislike more intense. Negative or annoying traits can be more pronounced.

22
Q

Does reciprocity play into liking?

A

Yes. We like people who like us. This is especially true if the person likes just you, not everyone.

23
Q

Why do we like people who like us?

A

There is a low risk for rejection, and rejection = pain.

24
Q

We are attracted to those whose presence is ___ to us in some way.

A

Rewarding.

25
Q

___ ___ theory helps explain the basics of attraction.

A

Social exchange.

26
Q

Explain attraction using social exchange theory.

A
  • Personality characteristics: we are attracted to those who will treat us well.
  • Similarity: we like those who like out own interests.
  • Familiarity: we like things that have proven themselves harmless.
  • Reciprocity: we like people that are not only capable of providing us with rewards, but are likely to do so.
27
Q

___ ___ is consistently identified as one of the key elements responsible for sexual attraction.

A

Physical attraction.

28
Q

___ identify physical appearance as the biggest factor in sexual attraction more often than women.

A

Men.

29
Q

In reality, who finds physical appearance to be the biggest factor in sexual attraction?

A

Both men and women.

30
Q

Matching Phenomenon

A

We tend to partner with those that are about as attractive as we are.

31
Q

Regardless of out own level of attractiveness, we may desire…

A

The most attractive potential partners.

32
Q

What other forces (other than physical attraction) are at play in partnerships?

A
  • Fear of rejection.

- Wanting to pursue relationships likely to work.

33
Q

___ ___ associated with mismatched couples.

A

Cultural stigma.

34
Q

Humans possess an innate bias towards what looks ___.

A

Beautiful.

35
Q

More attractive people are rated as more…

A
  • Friendly.
  • Likeable.
  • Interesting.
  • Social.
36
Q

How does attractiveness lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy?

A

More attractive people are treated as if they are nicer/friendly which prompts them to reciprocate.

37
Q

According to evolutionary psychology, physical attractiveness gave important cues about…

A

Health, fertility, and genetic makeup.

38
Q

We like ___ and ___ faces.

A

Symmetric, average.

39
Q

Below the neck, we generally see fewer universal and more ___ ___ preferences.

A

Culture-specific.

40
Q

Is breast size, height, or weight important for attraction?

A

No.

41
Q

What is important for attraction below the neck?

A

Ratios.

42
Q

What ratio is ideal for women?

A

Waist to hip of 0.7.

43
Q

What ratio is ideal for men?

A

Shoulder to hip ratio of 1.4.

44
Q

Why are the ratios important to attraction?

A

Cues to maturity, fertility.

45
Q

Misattribution of Arousal

A

People meet in a situation where their heart rates are elevated, each person may feel the arousal was caused by the other and therefore will find thew other more attractive.

46
Q

To take advantage of misattribution of arousal, you should take your date to…

A

Amusement parks, coffee, or scary movies.

47
Q

In maintaining relationships, how does the misattribution of arousal play a role?

A

Allows you to engage in challenging activities together that meets both people’s skill level, and you will enjoy success in.

48
Q

Strategic Pluralism

A

Sometimes we pursue long-term or short-term relationships to gain certain advantages.

49
Q

Sexual Strategies Theory

A

Men and women can benefit from long- and short-term relationships, but in different ways.

50
Q

Why would women engage in a short-term relationship?

A

They can be more selective, and have higher standards for these relationships.

51
Q

Why would men want to engage in a long-term relationship?

A

They can be more selective, and have higher standards for these relationships.

52
Q

Many authors argue that, based on research, ___ has drastically decreased on university campuses, and is replaced by ___ and ___.

A

Dating, hanging out, hooking up.

53
Q

Reitman, from the Rolling Stone magazine, said that we are just…

A

“Sex-crazed hedonists.”

54
Q

James talks about the hooking up culture as…

A

Empowering for women.

55
Q

Hooking Up

A
  • Interaction where partners are anonymous or acquaintances.
  • No commitment beyond the hookup.
  • Some type of sexual behaviour occurs during the interaction.
56
Q

Sexual behaviours during a hookup can range from…

A

Kissing to intercourse.

57
Q

There is almost always ___ after a hookup.

A

Confusion.

58
Q

After a hookup, what comes out of it?

A
  • Positive and negative emotions.
  • Women reported wondering whether a relationship will develop.
  • Men reported feeling emotionally attached to girls they hooked up with.
  • You have no idea what will come out of it.
59
Q

How common are hookups?

A
  • 78% of all university students.

- 28% of women and 28% of men engaged in intercourse or oral sex with someone they’ve known for less than 24 hours.

60
Q

Biggest factor leading to hookups are ___.

A

Alcohol.

61
Q

How drunk you are is the best indicator of…

A

How far you will go sexually during a hookup.

62
Q

What does alcohol allow you to do?

A
  • Liquid courage.

- Explanation for behaviour.

63
Q

91% of university women indicated hooking up occurs…

A

Very or fairly often at their schools.

64
Q

There is an illusion of ___ about hooking up.

A

Universality.

65
Q

Who hooks up?

A

Mostly university students. Usually not junior high or high school students.

66
Q

Once young adults leave university, qualitative research indicates paring becomes ___ traditional.

A

More.

67
Q

Do young adults outside of university hook up?

A

Not examined. Question of whether it is developmental or university culture.

68
Q

Those who hook up most often…

A
  • Greater sexual involvement (intercourse vs. kissing).
  • More severe problematic alcohol consumption.
  • Less likely to approach relationships based on friendship or altruism.
  • High impulsivity.
  • Low concern for personal safety.
  • Avoidant attachment.
  • Game-playing style of love.
69
Q

What are some negative impacts of hookups?

A
  • Increased psychological distress (depressive symptomatology) for women.
  • Emotional ambivalence.
  • Painful emotional and social experiences.
70
Q

Give an example of a game-playing style of love.

A

Agree that you can never tell your partner what you’re thinking.

71
Q

What are the most important characteristics of those who hook up?

A
  • Consume alcohol problematically.

- Game-playing style of love.

72
Q

Does hooking up cause depression?

A

No particularly. There was a study that found no association, while another suggested that the depression may precede hookups.

73
Q

Emotional ambivalence that results from hooking up.

A
  • Positive and negative feelings at the same time.

- Awkward, desirable, confused, adventuresome, and disappointed.

74
Q

How does sexual regret happen for women?

A

Women go further than they expected, and regret it later.

75
Q

How does sexual regret happen for men?

A

It centres around selecting an undesirable partner.

76
Q

Unwanted sex most often happens…

A

During a hookup.

77
Q

Women do not perceive ___ as a possible outcome of a hookup.

A

Rape.

78
Q

Unwanted sex is different from rape and sexual assault because…

A

Women don;t think rape during a hookup is possible. They think they’ve already consented, and don’t think they can take it back.

79
Q

The overall likelihood of hooking up is ___ between men and women.

A

Equal.

80
Q

___ are more likely to report having intercourse or oral/anal sex.

A

Men.

81
Q

What is the difference between gender in hooking up?

A

Impact of hooking up (after the fact).

82
Q

Hooking up is more detrimental for women. How?

A
  • Poorer mental outcomes.
  • Rate their emotional reaction more negatively than men.
  • Worse sexual health consequences.
83
Q

What are the relational consequences of hooking up?

A
  1. Two people are more attached to each other if they have sex.
  2. Many hookups occur between people that don’t know each other too well.
  3. Criteria for selecting a hookup partner is different from what they want in a long-term relationship.
  4. Women are much more likely than men to engage in a hookup with the hope that a relationship will develop afterwards.
84
Q

Men ___ their standards for a hookup, while women ___ their standards.

A

Lower, increase.